Sulfonmethane: Difference between revisions

From WikiMD's Wellness Encyclopedia

← Older editNewer edit →
CSV import
CSV import
Tags: mobile edit mobile web edit
Line 1: Line 1:
'''Sulfonmethane''', also known as '''dimethyl sulfone''' or '''MSM''', is an organic sulfur compound that is naturally occurring in some primitive plants. It is also found in small amounts in many foods and beverages. Its chemical formula is (CH3)2SO2.
{{Short description|A sedative and hypnotic drug}}
{{Drugbox
| verifiedfields = changed
| verifiedrevid = 477002123
| IUPAC_name = 2,2-bis(ethylsulfonyl)propane
| image = Sulfonmethane.svg
| image2 = Sulfonmethane-3D-balls.png
| image2_caption = Ball-and-stick model of sulfonmethane
| tradename = Sulfonal
| CAS_number = 115-24-2
| ATC_prefix = N05
| ATC_suffix = CM10
| PubChem = 6851
| ChemSpiderID = 6591
| UNII = 0K8C52507Q
| KEGG = D07268
| ChEBI = 32182
| ChEMBL = 1201290
| C=5
| H=12
| O=4
| S=2
| SMILES = CC(S(=O)(=O)C(C)(C)S(=O)(=O)CC)CC
| StdInChI = 1S/C7H16O4S2/c1-5-12(8,9)7(3,4)13(10,11)6-2/h5-6H2,1-4H3
| StdInChIKey = ZJQHPWUVQPJDKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N
}}


==Chemical Properties==
'''Sulfonmethane''', also known as '''sulfonal''', is a [[sedative]] and [[hypnotic]] drug that was historically used to treat [[insomnia]] and other sleep disorders. It belongs to the class of [[organosulfur compounds]] and is chemically classified as a [[sulfone]].
Sulfonmethane is a white crystalline solid at room temperature. It is highly soluble in water and has a slightly bitter taste. The compound is stable under normal conditions, but it can decompose when heated to high temperatures, producing toxic fumes of sulfur oxides.


==Uses==
==History==
Sulfonmethane is used in the chemical industry as a high-temperature solvent for both inorganic and organic substances. It is used to refine petroleum products and to produce chemicals and synthetic fibers. In the pharmaceutical industry, it is used as a medium for the synthesis of many drugs.
Sulfonmethane was first synthesized in the late 19th century by the German chemist [[Eugen Baumann]]. It was introduced into medical practice in the 1880s as a sedative and hypnotic agent. During this period, it was commonly used to induce sleep in patients suffering from insomnia and other sleep-related disorders.


In alternative medicine, sulfonmethane is marketed as a dietary supplement, often promoted for joint health. However, the evidence for its effectiveness is not strong, and its use is not approved by the [[Food and Drug Administration|FDA]] or the [[European Medicines Agency|EMA]].
==Chemical Structure and Properties==
Sulfonmethane is a symmetrical molecule with the chemical formula C<sub>7</sub>H<sub>16</sub>O<sub>4</sub>S<sub>2</sub>. It consists of a central propane backbone with two ethylsulfonyl groups attached to the second carbon atom. The presence of these sulfonyl groups is responsible for its sedative properties.


==Safety==
[[File:Sulfonmethane-3D-balls.png|thumb|left|Ball-and-stick model of sulfonmethane]]
Sulfonmethane is generally considered safe for human consumption in moderate amounts. However, excessive intake can cause gastrointestinal symptoms such as diarrhea, nausea, and abdominal pain. Long-term use of sulfonmethane supplements may also lead to vitamin B12 deficiency.


==See Also==
==Pharmacology==
* [[Organosulfur compounds]]
Sulfonmethane acts as a central nervous system [[depressant]]. It enhances the activity of the inhibitory neurotransmitter [[gamma-aminobutyric acid]] (GABA) in the brain, leading to sedative and hypnotic effects. This mechanism of action is similar to that of other [[barbiturates]], although sulfonmethane is chemically distinct from them.
* [[Dietary supplement]]
* [[Alternative medicine]]


==References==
==Medical Use==
<references />
Historically, sulfonmethane was used to treat insomnia and other sleep disorders. It was administered orally in the form of tablets or powders. However, due to the development of safer and more effective sedative-hypnotic drugs, such as [[benzodiazepines]], the use of sulfonmethane has declined significantly.


==Side Effects==
The use of sulfonmethane can lead to several side effects, including [[drowsiness]], [[dizziness]], and [[headache]]. In some cases, it may cause [[gastrointestinal disturbances]] such as [[nausea]] and [[vomiting]]. Prolonged use can lead to [[tolerance]] and [[dependence]], similar to other sedative-hypnotic drugs.
==Current Status==
Today, sulfonmethane is rarely used in clinical practice due to the availability of newer and safer alternatives. It is primarily of historical interest and is studied for its role in the development of sedative-hypnotic pharmacology.
==Related pages==
* [[Sedative]]
* [[Hypnotic]]
* [[Insomnia]]
* [[Barbiturate]]
* [[Benzodiazepine]]
[[Category:Sedatives]]
[[Category:Hypnotics]]
[[Category:Organosulfur compounds]]
[[Category:Organosulfur compounds]]
[[Category:Dietary supplements]]
[[Category:History of medicine]]
[[Category:Alternative medicine]]
{{stub}}
{{dictionary-stub1}}
<gallery>
File:Sulfonmethane Sulfonal.svg
File:Sulfonal-3D-sticks.png
</gallery>

Revision as of 17:42, 18 February 2025

A sedative and hypnotic drug


Sulfonmethane
File:Sulfonmethane.svg
INN
Drug class
Routes of administration
Pregnancy category
Bioavailability
Metabolism
Elimination half-life
Excretion
Legal status
CAS Number 115-24-2
PubChem 6851
DrugBank
ChemSpider 6591
KEGG D07268


Sulfonmethane, also known as sulfonal, is a sedative and hypnotic drug that was historically used to treat insomnia and other sleep disorders. It belongs to the class of organosulfur compounds and is chemically classified as a sulfone.

History

Sulfonmethane was first synthesized in the late 19th century by the German chemist Eugen Baumann. It was introduced into medical practice in the 1880s as a sedative and hypnotic agent. During this period, it was commonly used to induce sleep in patients suffering from insomnia and other sleep-related disorders.

Chemical Structure and Properties

Sulfonmethane is a symmetrical molecule with the chemical formula C7H16O4S2. It consists of a central propane backbone with two ethylsulfonyl groups attached to the second carbon atom. The presence of these sulfonyl groups is responsible for its sedative properties.

File:Sulfonmethane-3D-balls.png
Ball-and-stick model of sulfonmethane

Pharmacology

Sulfonmethane acts as a central nervous system depressant. It enhances the activity of the inhibitory neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) in the brain, leading to sedative and hypnotic effects. This mechanism of action is similar to that of other barbiturates, although sulfonmethane is chemically distinct from them.

Medical Use

Historically, sulfonmethane was used to treat insomnia and other sleep disorders. It was administered orally in the form of tablets or powders. However, due to the development of safer and more effective sedative-hypnotic drugs, such as benzodiazepines, the use of sulfonmethane has declined significantly.

Side Effects

The use of sulfonmethane can lead to several side effects, including drowsiness, dizziness, and headache. In some cases, it may cause gastrointestinal disturbances such as nausea and vomiting. Prolonged use can lead to tolerance and dependence, similar to other sedative-hypnotic drugs.

Current Status

Today, sulfonmethane is rarely used in clinical practice due to the availability of newer and safer alternatives. It is primarily of historical interest and is studied for its role in the development of sedative-hypnotic pharmacology.

Related pages

Retrieved from "https://wikimd.com/index.php?title=Sulfonmethane&oldid=6328730"