Sulfate transporter: Difference between revisions

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'''Sulfate transporter''' is a type of [[protein]] that facilitates the transport of [[sulfate]] ions across the [[cell membrane]]. These transporters are essential for various biological processes, including the synthesis of [[sulfur]]-containing molecules, detoxification, and the maintenance of [[cellular homeostasis]].


== Structure and Function ==
{{Infobox protein
| name = Sulfate transporter
| image =  
| caption =  
| symbol = SLC26A1
| alt_symbols =
| EntrezGene = 10569
| HGNCid = 11011
| OMIM = 126650
| RefSeq = NM_022041
| UniProt = Q9H2B4
}}


Sulfate transporters are integral membrane proteins that span the cell membrane. They have a specific binding site for sulfate ions, which allows them to selectively transport these ions across the membrane. The transport process is typically driven by the [[electrochemical gradient]] across the membrane.
The '''sulfate transporter''' is a type of [[membrane transport protein]] that facilitates the movement of [[sulfate ions]] across [[cell membranes]]. These transporters are crucial for maintaining sulfate homeostasis in the body and are involved in various physiological processes.


Sulfate transporters play a crucial role in the uptake of sulfate from the environment, which is necessary for the synthesis of sulfur-containing molecules such as [[cysteine]] and [[methionine]]. These molecules are essential for protein synthesis and other cellular functions.
== Function ==
Sulfate transporters are responsible for the uptake and distribution of sulfate, which is essential for the synthesis of [[sulfur-containing compounds]] such as [[cysteine]], [[methionine]], and [[glutathione]]. They play a significant role in the [[sulfation]] of various molecules, including [[hormones]], [[neurotransmitters]], and [[drugs]].


In addition to their role in sulfate uptake, sulfate transporters are also involved in the detoxification process. They can transport sulfate ions into the cell, where they can be used to detoxify potentially harmful substances.
== Types ==
There are several types of sulfate transporters, each with specific functions and tissue distributions. The most well-known family of sulfate transporters is the [[SLC26 family]], which includes several members such as SLC26A1, SLC26A2, and SLC26A3. These transporters are expressed in various tissues, including the [[kidney]], [[liver]], and [[intestine]].


== Types of Sulfate Transporters ==
== Clinical significance ==
Mutations in genes encoding sulfate transporters can lead to various [[genetic disorders]]. For example, mutations in the SLC26A2 gene are associated with [[diastrophic dysplasia]], a disorder characterized by skeletal abnormalities. Additionally, impaired sulfate transport can affect the metabolism of drugs and other compounds, leading to altered pharmacokinetics and potential [[drug interactions]].


There are several types of sulfate transporters, including:
== Research ==
Ongoing research is focused on understanding the regulation of sulfate transporters and their role in health and disease. Studies are also exploring the potential of targeting these transporters for therapeutic purposes, particularly in conditions where sulfate homeostasis is disrupted.


* '''[[Solute carrier family 26]]''' (SLC26): This family of transporters is involved in the transport of a variety of anions, including sulfate. Members of this family are found in various tissues and organs, including the [[kidney]], [[intestine]], and [[thyroid gland]].
== See also ==
 
* [[Membrane transport protein]]
* '''[[Solute carrier family 13]]''' (SLC13): This family of transporters is involved in the transport of sulfate and other anions. Members of this family are found in the [[liver]], [[brain]], and [[placenta]].
* [[Sulfation]]
 
* [[SLC26 family]]
== Clinical Significance ==
 
Mutations in the genes encoding sulfate transporters can lead to various diseases. For example, mutations in the SLC26A2 gene, which encodes a sulfate transporter, can cause [[diastrophic dysplasia]], a rare genetic disorder characterized by skeletal abnormalities.
 
Furthermore, sulfate transporters are potential targets for drug development. Modulating the activity of these transporters could be beneficial in the treatment of diseases associated with abnormal sulfate transport, such as [[inflammatory bowel disease]] and [[cystic fibrosis]].
 
[[File:Sulfate transporter.png|thumb|right|Sulfate transporter protein]]
 
== See Also ==
 
* [[Solute carrier family]]
* [[Transport protein]]
* [[Cell membrane]]


== References ==
== References ==
<references/>


<references />
== External links ==
* [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/10569 SLC26A1 gene - NCBI]
* [https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q9H2B4 UniProt entry for SLC26A1]


[[Category:Proteins]]
{{Transport proteins}}
[[Category:Cell biology]]
{{SLC gene family}}
[[Category:Genetics]]
[[Category:Medicine]]


{{protein-stub}}
[[Category:Transport proteins]]
{{medicine-stub}}
[[Category:Solute carrier family]]
[[Category:Human proteins]]
[[Category:Membrane proteins]]

Latest revision as of 21:38, 29 December 2024


The sulfate transporter is a type of membrane transport protein that facilitates the movement of sulfate ions across cell membranes. These transporters are crucial for maintaining sulfate homeostasis in the body and are involved in various physiological processes.

Function[edit]

Sulfate transporters are responsible for the uptake and distribution of sulfate, which is essential for the synthesis of sulfur-containing compounds such as cysteine, methionine, and glutathione. They play a significant role in the sulfation of various molecules, including hormones, neurotransmitters, and drugs.

Types[edit]

There are several types of sulfate transporters, each with specific functions and tissue distributions. The most well-known family of sulfate transporters is the SLC26 family, which includes several members such as SLC26A1, SLC26A2, and SLC26A3. These transporters are expressed in various tissues, including the kidney, liver, and intestine.

Clinical significance[edit]

Mutations in genes encoding sulfate transporters can lead to various genetic disorders. For example, mutations in the SLC26A2 gene are associated with diastrophic dysplasia, a disorder characterized by skeletal abnormalities. Additionally, impaired sulfate transport can affect the metabolism of drugs and other compounds, leading to altered pharmacokinetics and potential drug interactions.

Research[edit]

Ongoing research is focused on understanding the regulation of sulfate transporters and their role in health and disease. Studies are also exploring the potential of targeting these transporters for therapeutic purposes, particularly in conditions where sulfate homeostasis is disrupted.

See also[edit]

References[edit]

<references/>

External links[edit]

Template:Transport proteins Template:SLC gene family

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