Methionine

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Methionine

Methionine (pronounced: /mɛˈθaɪəˌniːn/, abbreviated as Met or M) is an essential amino acid in humans. As the substrate for other amino acids such as cysteine and taurine, versatile compounds such as SAM-e, and the important antioxidant glutathione, methionine plays a critical role in the metabolism and health of many species, including humans.

Etymology

The term "Methionine" is derived from the Greek words "Methion", meaning "sweet wine", and "ine", a suffix used in chemical nomenclature to denote a specific type of compound. This is likely due to the sweet taste of methionine, which is similar to that of wine.

Function

Methionine is a proteinogenic amino acid, meaning it is used in the body to build proteins. It is also used in the biosynthesis of other important compounds in the body, including S-adenosylmethionine (SAM-e), an important methyl donor, and cysteine, another sulfur-containing amino acid.

Dietary Sources

Methionine is found in a variety of foods, including meat, fish, and dairy products, as well as some plant-based foods such as Brazil nuts and sesame seeds. Because it is an essential amino acid, it must be obtained through the diet in adequate amounts to meet the body's needs.

Deficiency and Overdose

A deficiency in methionine can lead to a variety of health problems, including liver damage, slow growth, muscle weakness, and skin lesions. Conversely, an overdose of methionine, usually due to excessive supplementation, can also cause health problems, including neurological complications and an increased risk of heart disease and stroke.

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