Torus fracture: Difference between revisions

Latest revision as of 23:53, 9 February 2025

Torus Fracture[edit]

A torus fracture, also known as a buckle fracture, is a type of incomplete fracture commonly seen in children. It occurs when one side of the bone bends, causing a bulge or buckle on the opposite side without breaking the bone completely. This type of fracture is most frequently observed in the radius and ulna of the forearm.

Pathophysiology[edit]

Torus fractures occur due to the unique properties of children's bones, which are softer and more pliable than those of adults. When subjected to compressive forces, such as a fall on an outstretched hand, the bone deforms and buckles rather than breaking completely. This is because the periosteum, a dense layer of vascular connective tissue enveloping the bones, remains intact, preventing a complete fracture.

Diagnosis[edit]

Diagnosis of a torus fracture is typically made through radiographic examination. The X-ray will show a characteristic bulging or buckling of the cortex on one side of the bone. It is important to differentiate a torus fracture from other types of fractures, such as greenstick fractures, which involve a partial break in the bone.

Treatment[edit]

Treatment for a torus fracture is generally conservative. The affected limb is usually immobilized in a splint or a cast for a period of 3 to 4 weeks to allow the bone to heal. Since the fracture is stable, surgical intervention is rarely required. Pain management may include the use of analgesics such as ibuprofen or acetaminophen.

Prognosis[edit]

The prognosis for torus fractures is excellent, with most children experiencing full recovery without any long-term complications. The bone typically heals quickly due to the rich blood supply and the rapid bone remodeling capabilities in children.

Related Pages[edit]

References[edit]

"Torus Fracture." Radiopaedia. Accessed October 2023. [1]
"Buckle Fracture." OrthoInfo. Accessed October 2023. [2]

Images[edit]

File:Force-Infographic-v7-4.pdf

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-'''Torus Fracture'''
+== Torus Fracture ==
-A '''[[Torus fracture]]''' is a type of incomplete [[fracture]] that commonly occurs in children. This fracture is characterized by a buckling of the [[cortex]] due to a compressive force.
+A '''torus fracture''', also known as a '''buckle fracture''', is a type of incomplete fracture commonly seen in children. It occurs when one side of the bone bends, causing a bulge or buckle on the opposite side without breaking the bone completely. This type of fracture is most frequently observed in the [[radius (bone)|radius]] and [[ulna]] of the forearm.
-==Overview==
+== Pathophysiology ==
-A Torus fracture, also known as a buckle fracture, is a common type of [[bone fracture]] in children. This is due to the fact that their bones are softer and more flexible than adult bones. The fracture occurs when the bone's outer side, or cortex, buckles but does not break.
+Torus fractures occur due to the unique properties of children's bones, which are softer and more pliable than those of adults. When subjected to compressive forces, such as a fall on an outstretched hand, the bone deforms and buckles rather than breaking completely. This is because the [[periosteum]], a dense layer of vascular connective tissue enveloping the bones, remains intact, preventing a complete fracture.
-==Causes==
+== Diagnosis ==
-Torus fractures are typically caused by a fall or direct blow to the limb. The most common sites for a Torus fracture are the distal radius and ulna, which are the bones in the forearm.
+Diagnosis of a torus fracture is typically made through [[X-ray|radiographic]] examination. The X-ray will show a characteristic bulging or buckling of the cortex on one side of the bone. It is important to differentiate a torus fracture from other types of fractures, such as [[greenstick fracture|greenstick fractures]], which involve a partial break in the bone.
-==Symptoms==
+== Treatment ==
-The symptoms of a Torus fracture include pain, swelling, and difficulty in moving the affected limb. In some cases, there may be a visible deformity in the limb.
+Treatment for a torus fracture is generally conservative. The affected limb is usually immobilized in a [[splint]] or a [[cast]] for a period of 3 to 4 weeks to allow the bone to heal. Since the fracture is stable, surgical intervention is rarely required. Pain management may include the use of [[analgesics]] such as [[ibuprofen]] or [[acetaminophen]].
-==Diagnosis==
+== Prognosis ==
-Diagnosis of a Torus fracture is usually made through a physical examination and imaging tests such as [[X-ray]]s. The X-ray will show a bulging or buckling of the bone cortex.
+The prognosis for torus fractures is excellent, with most children experiencing full recovery without any long-term complications. The bone typically heals quickly due to the rich blood supply and the rapid bone remodeling capabilities in children.
-==Treatment==
+== Related Pages ==
-Treatment for a Torus fracture typically involves immobilization of the affected limb with a cast or splint. The bone usually heals on its own within a few weeks.
+* [[Fracture (bone)]]
+* [[Greenstick fracture]]
+* [[Pediatric orthopedics]]
-==See Also==
+== References ==
-* [[Bone fracture]]
+* "Torus Fracture." Radiopaedia. Accessed October 2023. [https://radiopaedia.org/articles/torus-fracture]
-* [[Distal radius fracture]]
+* "Buckle Fracture." OrthoInfo. Accessed October 2023. [https://orthoinfo.aaos.org/en/diseases--conditions/buckle-fracture]
-* [[Pediatric trauma]]
-==References==
+== Images ==
-<references />
+[[File:Buckle_Fracture.jpg|thumb|X-ray of a buckle fracture of the radius.]]
+[[File:Buckle_fracture_of_the_Radius.svg|thumb|Diagram illustrating a buckle fracture of the radius.]]
+[[File:Force-Infographic-v7-4.pdf|thumb|Infographic showing forces involved in a torus fracture.]]
-{{stub}}
+[[Category:Orthopedic injuries]]
+[[Category:Pediatric diseases]]
-[[Category:Fractures]]
-[[Category:Pediatrics]]
-[[Category:Orthopedics]]