Hyperoxaluria: Difference between revisions
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{{Infobox medical condition | |||
| name = Hyperoxaluria | |||
| image = [[File:Structure_of_oxalate.svg|left|thumb|Structure of oxalate]] | |||
| caption = Structure of oxalate | |||
| field = [[Nephrology]] | |||
| symptoms = [[Kidney stones]], [[nephrocalcinosis]], [[renal failure]] | |||
| complications = [[End-stage renal disease]], [[systemic oxalosis]] | |||
| onset = Varies | |||
| duration = Chronic | |||
| causes = [[Primary hyperoxaluria]], [[dietary factors]], [[intestinal disorders]] | |||
| risks = [[Genetic predisposition]], [[high oxalate diet]], [[intestinal surgery]] | |||
| diagnosis = [[Urine test]], [[genetic testing]], [[imaging studies]] | |||
| differential = [[Calcium oxalate stones]], [[cystinuria]], [[hypercalciuria]] | |||
| treatment = [[Increased fluid intake]], [[dietary modification]], [[medications]], [[dialysis]], [[kidney transplantation]] | |||
| medication = [[Pyridoxine]], [[potassium citrate]], [[thiazide diuretics]] | |||
| frequency = Rare | |||
}} | |||
'''Hyperoxaluria''' is a medical condition characterized by the presence of excess oxalate in the urine. Oxalate is a natural end product of metabolism in the body and is typically excreted in the urine. However, in hyperoxaluria, the increased urinary excretion of oxalate can lead to the formation of [[kidney stones]] and other complications. | '''Hyperoxaluria''' is a medical condition characterized by the presence of excess oxalate in the urine. Oxalate is a natural end product of metabolism in the body and is typically excreted in the urine. However, in hyperoxaluria, the increased urinary excretion of oxalate can lead to the formation of [[kidney stones]] and other complications. | ||
==Causes== | ==Causes== | ||
Hyperoxaluria can be caused by a variety of factors. It can be a genetic condition, known as [[primary hyperoxaluria]], where the liver produces too much oxalate. It can also be caused by the consumption of certain foods that are high in oxalate, such as spinach, rhubarb, and certain nuts and teas. This is known as [[dietary hyperoxaluria]]. Certain intestinal diseases, such as [[Crohn's disease]] or [[short bowel syndrome]], can also cause hyperoxaluria, as they can lead to increased absorption of oxalate from the diet. | Hyperoxaluria can be caused by a variety of factors. It can be a genetic condition, known as [[primary hyperoxaluria]], where the liver produces too much oxalate. It can also be caused by the consumption of certain foods that are high in oxalate, such as spinach, rhubarb, and certain nuts and teas. This is known as [[dietary hyperoxaluria]]. Certain intestinal diseases, such as [[Crohn's disease]] or [[short bowel syndrome]], can also cause hyperoxaluria, as they can lead to increased absorption of oxalate from the diet. | ||
==Symptoms== | ==Symptoms== | ||
The symptoms of hyperoxaluria can vary depending on the severity of the condition. In many cases, the first sign of the condition is the presence of [[kidney stones]]. Other symptoms can include blood in the urine, pain in the back or abdomen, frequent urination, and urinary tract infections. | The symptoms of hyperoxaluria can vary depending on the severity of the condition. In many cases, the first sign of the condition is the presence of [[kidney stones]]. Other symptoms can include blood in the urine, pain in the back or abdomen, frequent urination, and urinary tract infections. | ||
==Diagnosis== | ==Diagnosis== | ||
Hyperoxaluria is typically diagnosed through a urine test, which can detect the presence of excess oxalate. In some cases, a blood test may also be used to measure the level of oxalate in the blood. Genetic testing may be used to diagnose primary hyperoxaluria. | Hyperoxaluria is typically diagnosed through a urine test, which can detect the presence of excess oxalate. In some cases, a blood test may also be used to measure the level of oxalate in the blood. Genetic testing may be used to diagnose primary hyperoxaluria. | ||
==Treatment== | ==Treatment== | ||
The treatment for hyperoxaluria typically involves measures to reduce the level of oxalate in the urine. This can include dietary changes, such as reducing the intake of foods high in oxalate. Medications may also be used to reduce the production of oxalate or to prevent the formation of kidney stones. In severe cases, a kidney or liver transplant may be necessary. | The treatment for hyperoxaluria typically involves measures to reduce the level of oxalate in the urine. This can include dietary changes, such as reducing the intake of foods high in oxalate. Medications may also be used to reduce the production of oxalate or to prevent the formation of kidney stones. In severe cases, a kidney or liver transplant may be necessary. | ||
==See also== | ==See also== | ||
* [[Kidney stones]] | * [[Kidney stones]] | ||
| Line 19: | Line 32: | ||
* [[Crohn's disease]] | * [[Crohn's disease]] | ||
* [[Short bowel syndrome]] | * [[Short bowel syndrome]] | ||
[[Category:Medical conditions]] | [[Category:Medical conditions]] | ||
[[Category:Urology]] | [[Category:Urology]] | ||
[[Category:Nephrology]] | [[Category:Nephrology]] | ||
{{stub}} | {{stub}} | ||
Latest revision as of 21:38, 6 April 2025
Editor-In-Chief: Prab R Tumpati, MD
Obesity, Sleep & Internal medicine
Founder, WikiMD Wellnesspedia &
W8MD medical weight loss NYC and sleep center NYC
| Hyperoxaluria | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Synonyms | N/A |
| Pronounce | N/A |
| Specialty | N/A |
| Symptoms | Kidney stones, nephrocalcinosis, renal failure |
| Complications | End-stage renal disease, systemic oxalosis |
| Onset | Varies |
| Duration | Chronic |
| Types | N/A |
| Causes | Primary hyperoxaluria, dietary factors, intestinal disorders |
| Risks | Genetic predisposition, high oxalate diet, intestinal surgery |
| Diagnosis | Urine test, genetic testing, imaging studies |
| Differential diagnosis | Calcium oxalate stones, cystinuria, hypercalciuria |
| Prevention | N/A |
| Treatment | Increased fluid intake, dietary modification, medications, dialysis, kidney transplantation |
| Medication | Pyridoxine, potassium citrate, thiazide diuretics |
| Prognosis | N/A |
| Frequency | Rare |
| Deaths | N/A |
Hyperoxaluria is a medical condition characterized by the presence of excess oxalate in the urine. Oxalate is a natural end product of metabolism in the body and is typically excreted in the urine. However, in hyperoxaluria, the increased urinary excretion of oxalate can lead to the formation of kidney stones and other complications.
Causes[edit]
Hyperoxaluria can be caused by a variety of factors. It can be a genetic condition, known as primary hyperoxaluria, where the liver produces too much oxalate. It can also be caused by the consumption of certain foods that are high in oxalate, such as spinach, rhubarb, and certain nuts and teas. This is known as dietary hyperoxaluria. Certain intestinal diseases, such as Crohn's disease or short bowel syndrome, can also cause hyperoxaluria, as they can lead to increased absorption of oxalate from the diet.
Symptoms[edit]
The symptoms of hyperoxaluria can vary depending on the severity of the condition. In many cases, the first sign of the condition is the presence of kidney stones. Other symptoms can include blood in the urine, pain in the back or abdomen, frequent urination, and urinary tract infections.
Diagnosis[edit]
Hyperoxaluria is typically diagnosed through a urine test, which can detect the presence of excess oxalate. In some cases, a blood test may also be used to measure the level of oxalate in the blood. Genetic testing may be used to diagnose primary hyperoxaluria.
Treatment[edit]
The treatment for hyperoxaluria typically involves measures to reduce the level of oxalate in the urine. This can include dietary changes, such as reducing the intake of foods high in oxalate. Medications may also be used to reduce the production of oxalate or to prevent the formation of kidney stones. In severe cases, a kidney or liver transplant may be necessary.
