Periapical periodontitis: Difference between revisions
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{{SI}} | |||
{{Infobox medical condition | |||
| name = Periapical periodontitis | |||
| image = [[File:Chronic_apical_periodontitis.jpg|250px]] | |||
| caption = Radiograph showing chronic apical periodontitis | |||
| field = [[Dentistry]] | |||
| synonyms = Apical periodontitis | |||
| symptoms = Pain, swelling, tenderness of the affected tooth | |||
| complications = [[Dental abscess]], [[osteomyelitis]], [[cellulitis]] | |||
| onset = Acute or chronic | |||
| duration = Varies, can be persistent if untreated | |||
| causes = [[Dental caries]], trauma, failed root canal treatment | |||
| risks = Poor oral hygiene, untreated dental infections | |||
| diagnosis = Clinical examination, [[dental radiography]] | |||
| differential = [[Pulpitis]], [[periodontal abscess]], [[sinusitis]] | |||
| prevention = Good oral hygiene, regular dental check-ups | |||
| treatment = [[Root canal therapy]], [[tooth extraction]], antibiotics | |||
| medication = [[Analgesics]], [[antibiotics]] | |||
| frequency = Common | |||
}} | |||
'''Periapical periodontitis''' is a type of [[dental disease]] that affects the [[periodontium]], the tissues surrounding and supporting the teeth. It is characterized by inflammation and infection of the periapical tissues, which include the [[periodontal ligament]], [[cementum]], and [[alveolar bone]]. | '''Periapical periodontitis''' is a type of [[dental disease]] that affects the [[periodontium]], the tissues surrounding and supporting the teeth. It is characterized by inflammation and infection of the periapical tissues, which include the [[periodontal ligament]], [[cementum]], and [[alveolar bone]]. | ||
==Etiology== | ==Etiology== | ||
Periapical periodontitis is primarily caused by bacterial infection, which can originate from the dental pulp due to [[dental caries]], trauma, or other forms of pulp damage. The bacteria and their toxins can spread from the pulp into the periapical tissues, leading to inflammation and infection. | Periapical periodontitis is primarily caused by bacterial infection, which can originate from the dental pulp due to [[dental caries]], trauma, or other forms of pulp damage. The bacteria and their toxins can spread from the pulp into the periapical tissues, leading to inflammation and infection. | ||
==Pathogenesis== | ==Pathogenesis== | ||
The pathogenesis of periapical periodontitis involves the interaction between the bacterial infection and the host immune response. The bacteria can stimulate the immune system to produce inflammatory mediators, which can cause tissue damage and bone resorption. This can lead to the formation of a periapical lesion, which is a characteristic feature of periapical periodontitis. | The pathogenesis of periapical periodontitis involves the interaction between the bacterial infection and the host immune response. The bacteria can stimulate the immune system to produce inflammatory mediators, which can cause tissue damage and bone resorption. This can lead to the formation of a periapical lesion, which is a characteristic feature of periapical periodontitis. | ||
==Clinical Features== | ==Clinical Features== | ||
The clinical features of periapical periodontitis can vary depending on the severity and duration of the disease. Symptoms can include toothache, sensitivity to hot or cold, and tenderness on biting or percussion. In severe cases, there may be swelling and pus formation. | The clinical features of periapical periodontitis can vary depending on the severity and duration of the disease. Symptoms can include toothache, sensitivity to hot or cold, and tenderness on biting or percussion. In severe cases, there may be swelling and pus formation. | ||
==Diagnosis== | ==Diagnosis== | ||
The diagnosis of periapical periodontitis is usually based on clinical examination and radiographic findings. [[Dental radiographs]] can show changes in the periapical tissues, such as bone loss and the presence of a periapical lesion. | The diagnosis of periapical periodontitis is usually based on clinical examination and radiographic findings. [[Dental radiographs]] can show changes in the periapical tissues, such as bone loss and the presence of a periapical lesion. | ||
==Treatment== | ==Treatment== | ||
The treatment of periapical periodontitis is aimed at eliminating the bacterial infection and promoting healing of the periapical tissues. This can be achieved through [[root canal treatment]], which involves the removal of the infected pulp, disinfection of the root canal system, and filling of the root canal with a biocompatible material. | The treatment of periapical periodontitis is aimed at eliminating the bacterial infection and promoting healing of the periapical tissues. This can be achieved through [[root canal treatment]], which involves the removal of the infected pulp, disinfection of the root canal system, and filling of the root canal with a biocompatible material. | ||
==Prognosis== | ==Prognosis== | ||
The prognosis of periapical periodontitis is generally good with appropriate treatment. However, if left untreated, it can lead to complications such as [[dental abscess]] and [[tooth loss]]. | The prognosis of periapical periodontitis is generally good with appropriate treatment. However, if left untreated, it can lead to complications such as [[dental abscess]] and [[tooth loss]]. | ||
==Prevention== | ==Prevention== | ||
Prevention of periapical periodontitis involves maintaining good oral hygiene, regular dental check-ups, and prompt treatment of dental caries and other forms of pulp damage. | Prevention of periapical periodontitis involves maintaining good oral hygiene, regular dental check-ups, and prompt treatment of dental caries and other forms of pulp damage. | ||
[[Category:Dental diseases]] | [[Category:Dental diseases]] | ||
[[Category:Periodontology]] | [[Category:Periodontology]] | ||
{{dentistry-stub}} | {{dentistry-stub}} | ||
Latest revision as of 22:26, 6 April 2025
Editor-In-Chief: Prab R Tumpati, MD
Obesity, Sleep & Internal medicine
Founder, WikiMD Wellnesspedia &
W8MD medical weight loss NYC and sleep center NYC
| Periapical periodontitis | |
|---|---|
| |
| Synonyms | Apical periodontitis |
| Pronounce | N/A |
| Specialty | N/A |
| Symptoms | Pain, swelling, tenderness of the affected tooth |
| Complications | Dental abscess, osteomyelitis, cellulitis |
| Onset | Acute or chronic |
| Duration | Varies, can be persistent if untreated |
| Types | N/A |
| Causes | Dental caries, trauma, failed root canal treatment |
| Risks | Poor oral hygiene, untreated dental infections |
| Diagnosis | Clinical examination, dental radiography |
| Differential diagnosis | Pulpitis, periodontal abscess, sinusitis |
| Prevention | Good oral hygiene, regular dental check-ups |
| Treatment | Root canal therapy, tooth extraction, antibiotics |
| Medication | Analgesics, antibiotics |
| Prognosis | N/A |
| Frequency | Common |
| Deaths | N/A |
Periapical periodontitis is a type of dental disease that affects the periodontium, the tissues surrounding and supporting the teeth. It is characterized by inflammation and infection of the periapical tissues, which include the periodontal ligament, cementum, and alveolar bone.
Etiology[edit]
Periapical periodontitis is primarily caused by bacterial infection, which can originate from the dental pulp due to dental caries, trauma, or other forms of pulp damage. The bacteria and their toxins can spread from the pulp into the periapical tissues, leading to inflammation and infection.
Pathogenesis[edit]
The pathogenesis of periapical periodontitis involves the interaction between the bacterial infection and the host immune response. The bacteria can stimulate the immune system to produce inflammatory mediators, which can cause tissue damage and bone resorption. This can lead to the formation of a periapical lesion, which is a characteristic feature of periapical periodontitis.
Clinical Features[edit]
The clinical features of periapical periodontitis can vary depending on the severity and duration of the disease. Symptoms can include toothache, sensitivity to hot or cold, and tenderness on biting or percussion. In severe cases, there may be swelling and pus formation.
Diagnosis[edit]
The diagnosis of periapical periodontitis is usually based on clinical examination and radiographic findings. Dental radiographs can show changes in the periapical tissues, such as bone loss and the presence of a periapical lesion.
Treatment[edit]
The treatment of periapical periodontitis is aimed at eliminating the bacterial infection and promoting healing of the periapical tissues. This can be achieved through root canal treatment, which involves the removal of the infected pulp, disinfection of the root canal system, and filling of the root canal with a biocompatible material.
Prognosis[edit]
The prognosis of periapical periodontitis is generally good with appropriate treatment. However, if left untreated, it can lead to complications such as dental abscess and tooth loss.
Prevention[edit]
Prevention of periapical periodontitis involves maintaining good oral hygiene, regular dental check-ups, and prompt treatment of dental caries and other forms of pulp damage.
