Neonatal hepatitis: Difference between revisions
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{{Infobox medical condition | |||
| name = Neonatal hepatitis | |||
| synonyms = | |||
| field = [[Pediatrics]], [[Hepatology]] | |||
| symptoms = [[Jaundice]], [[hepatomegaly]], [[failure to thrive]] | |||
| complications = [[Cirrhosis]], [[liver failure]] | |||
| onset = [[Neonatal]] period | |||
| duration = Varies | |||
| causes = [[Idiopathic]], [[viral infections]], [[genetic disorders]] | |||
| risks = | |||
| diagnosis = [[Liver biopsy]], [[blood tests]], [[imaging studies]] | |||
| differential = [[Biliary atresia]], [[alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency]], [[galactosemia]] | |||
| treatment = Supportive care, [[nutritional support]], [[antiviral therapy]] | |||
| medication = | |||
| prognosis = Varies, depends on underlying cause | |||
| frequency = Rare | |||
}} | |||
'''Neonatal hepatitis''' is a [[medical condition]] that affects [[newborn]] infants, typically within the first two months of life. It is characterized by [[jaundice]], poor weight gain, and an enlarged [[liver]] and [[spleen]]. The condition is often confused with [[biliary atresia]], a more serious liver disorder, but unlike biliary atresia, neonatal hepatitis is usually temporary and resolves on its own without permanent liver damage. | '''Neonatal hepatitis''' is a [[medical condition]] that affects [[newborn]] infants, typically within the first two months of life. It is characterized by [[jaundice]], poor weight gain, and an enlarged [[liver]] and [[spleen]]. The condition is often confused with [[biliary atresia]], a more serious liver disorder, but unlike biliary atresia, neonatal hepatitis is usually temporary and resolves on its own without permanent liver damage. | ||
==Causes== | ==Causes== | ||
Neonatal hepatitis can be caused by a variety of factors. In some cases, it may be caused by a [[viral infection]] passed from the mother to the baby during [[pregnancy]]. Some of the viruses that can cause neonatal hepatitis include [[cytomegalovirus]], [[rubella]], and [[hepatitis B]] and [[hepatitis C]]. In other cases, neonatal hepatitis may be caused by a [[genetic disorder]] or a [[metabolic disease]]. In many cases, however, the cause of neonatal hepatitis is unknown. | Neonatal hepatitis can be caused by a variety of factors. In some cases, it may be caused by a [[viral infection]] passed from the mother to the baby during [[pregnancy]]. Some of the viruses that can cause neonatal hepatitis include [[cytomegalovirus]], [[rubella]], and [[hepatitis B]] and [[hepatitis C]]. In other cases, neonatal hepatitis may be caused by a [[genetic disorder]] or a [[metabolic disease]]. In many cases, however, the cause of neonatal hepatitis is unknown. | ||
==Symptoms== | ==Symptoms== | ||
The most common symptom of neonatal hepatitis is [[jaundice]], a yellowing of the skin and the whites of the eyes. Other symptoms may include poor weight gain, an enlarged liver and spleen, and dark urine. In some cases, the baby may also have a low [[platelet count]], which can lead to easy bruising and bleeding. | The most common symptom of neonatal hepatitis is [[jaundice]], a yellowing of the skin and the whites of the eyes. Other symptoms may include poor weight gain, an enlarged liver and spleen, and dark urine. In some cases, the baby may also have a low [[platelet count]], which can lead to easy bruising and bleeding. | ||
==Diagnosis== | ==Diagnosis== | ||
Neonatal hepatitis is typically diagnosed through a combination of [[physical examination]], [[medical history]], and [[laboratory tests]]. The doctor may also order an [[ultrasound]] of the liver and a [[liver biopsy]] to confirm the diagnosis. | Neonatal hepatitis is typically diagnosed through a combination of [[physical examination]], [[medical history]], and [[laboratory tests]]. The doctor may also order an [[ultrasound]] of the liver and a [[liver biopsy]] to confirm the diagnosis. | ||
==Treatment== | ==Treatment== | ||
Treatment for neonatal hepatitis depends on the underlying cause of the condition. If the hepatitis is caused by a viral infection, the baby may be given [[antiviral medication]]. If the hepatitis is caused by a genetic or metabolic disorder, the baby may need to be treated with [[dietary supplements]] or other medications. In most cases, however, neonatal hepatitis resolves on its own without treatment. | Treatment for neonatal hepatitis depends on the underlying cause of the condition. If the hepatitis is caused by a viral infection, the baby may be given [[antiviral medication]]. If the hepatitis is caused by a genetic or metabolic disorder, the baby may need to be treated with [[dietary supplements]] or other medications. In most cases, however, neonatal hepatitis resolves on its own without treatment. | ||
==Prognosis== | ==Prognosis== | ||
The prognosis for neonatal hepatitis is generally good. Most infants with the condition recover completely without permanent liver damage. However, in some cases, neonatal hepatitis can lead to [[cirrhosis]] or other serious liver problems. | The prognosis for neonatal hepatitis is generally good. Most infants with the condition recover completely without permanent liver damage. However, in some cases, neonatal hepatitis can lead to [[cirrhosis]] or other serious liver problems. | ||
==See also== | ==See also== | ||
* [[Hepatitis]] | * [[Hepatitis]] | ||
| Line 21: | Line 33: | ||
* [[Liver disease]] | * [[Liver disease]] | ||
* [[Neonatology]] | * [[Neonatology]] | ||
[[Category:Neonatology]] | [[Category:Neonatology]] | ||
[[Category:Hepatitis]] | [[Category:Hepatitis]] | ||
[[Category:Pediatrics]] | [[Category:Pediatrics]] | ||
[[Category:Infectious diseases]] | [[Category:Infectious diseases]] | ||
{{stub}} | {{stub}} | ||
{{No image}} | |||
Latest revision as of 05:18, 4 April 2025
| Neonatal hepatitis | |
|---|---|
| Synonyms | |
| Pronounce | N/A |
| Specialty | N/A |
| Symptoms | Jaundice, hepatomegaly, failure to thrive |
| Complications | Cirrhosis, liver failure |
| Onset | Neonatal period |
| Duration | Varies |
| Types | N/A |
| Causes | Idiopathic, viral infections, genetic disorders |
| Risks | |
| Diagnosis | Liver biopsy, blood tests, imaging studies |
| Differential diagnosis | Biliary atresia, alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency, galactosemia |
| Prevention | N/A |
| Treatment | Supportive care, nutritional support, antiviral therapy |
| Medication | |
| Prognosis | Varies, depends on underlying cause |
| Frequency | Rare |
| Deaths | N/A |
Neonatal hepatitis is a medical condition that affects newborn infants, typically within the first two months of life. It is characterized by jaundice, poor weight gain, and an enlarged liver and spleen. The condition is often confused with biliary atresia, a more serious liver disorder, but unlike biliary atresia, neonatal hepatitis is usually temporary and resolves on its own without permanent liver damage.
Causes[edit]
Neonatal hepatitis can be caused by a variety of factors. In some cases, it may be caused by a viral infection passed from the mother to the baby during pregnancy. Some of the viruses that can cause neonatal hepatitis include cytomegalovirus, rubella, and hepatitis B and hepatitis C. In other cases, neonatal hepatitis may be caused by a genetic disorder or a metabolic disease. In many cases, however, the cause of neonatal hepatitis is unknown.
Symptoms[edit]
The most common symptom of neonatal hepatitis is jaundice, a yellowing of the skin and the whites of the eyes. Other symptoms may include poor weight gain, an enlarged liver and spleen, and dark urine. In some cases, the baby may also have a low platelet count, which can lead to easy bruising and bleeding.
Diagnosis[edit]
Neonatal hepatitis is typically diagnosed through a combination of physical examination, medical history, and laboratory tests. The doctor may also order an ultrasound of the liver and a liver biopsy to confirm the diagnosis.
Treatment[edit]
Treatment for neonatal hepatitis depends on the underlying cause of the condition. If the hepatitis is caused by a viral infection, the baby may be given antiviral medication. If the hepatitis is caused by a genetic or metabolic disorder, the baby may need to be treated with dietary supplements or other medications. In most cases, however, neonatal hepatitis resolves on its own without treatment.
Prognosis[edit]
The prognosis for neonatal hepatitis is generally good. Most infants with the condition recover completely without permanent liver damage. However, in some cases, neonatal hepatitis can lead to cirrhosis or other serious liver problems.
