Pulmonary interstitial emphysema: Difference between revisions
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{{SI}} | |||
{{Infobox medical condition | |||
| name = Pulmonary interstitial emphysema | |||
| image = [[File:CXR-Pulmonary_interstitial_emphysema.jpg]] | |||
| caption = Chest X-ray showing pulmonary interstitial emphysema | |||
| field = [[Pulmonology]] | |||
| synonyms = PIE | |||
| symptoms = Respiratory distress, hypoxemia | |||
| complications = [[Pneumothorax]], [[pneumomediastinum]] | |||
| onset = Usually in [[neonates]] | |||
| duration = Variable | |||
| causes = [[Mechanical ventilation]], [[premature birth]] | |||
| risks = [[Preterm birth]], [[respiratory distress syndrome]] | |||
| diagnosis = [[Chest X-ray]], [[CT scan]] | |||
| differential = [[Pneumonia]], [[bronchopulmonary dysplasia]] | |||
| prevention = Gentle ventilation strategies | |||
| treatment = Supportive care, [[high-frequency ventilation]], [[extracorporeal membrane oxygenation]] | |||
| prognosis = Variable, depends on severity and underlying conditions | |||
| frequency = More common in preterm infants | |||
}} | |||
'''Pulmonary interstitial emphysema''' (PIE) is a medical condition that primarily affects newborns, particularly those born prematurely. It is characterized by the abnormal accumulation of air in the connective tissue of the lungs. | '''Pulmonary interstitial emphysema''' (PIE) is a medical condition that primarily affects newborns, particularly those born prematurely. It is characterized by the abnormal accumulation of air in the connective tissue of the lungs. | ||
== Causes == | == Causes == | ||
PIE is most commonly caused by [[mechanical ventilation]], a treatment often necessary for premature infants with underdeveloped lungs. Other causes can include [[pneumonia]], [[bronchopulmonary dysplasia]], and [[meconium aspiration syndrome]]. | PIE is most commonly caused by [[mechanical ventilation]], a treatment often necessary for premature infants with underdeveloped lungs. Other causes can include [[pneumonia]], [[bronchopulmonary dysplasia]], and [[meconium aspiration syndrome]]. | ||
== Symptoms == | == Symptoms == | ||
Symptoms of PIE can vary, but often include difficulty breathing, rapid breathing, and a bluish skin color due to lack of oxygen. In severe cases, PIE can lead to [[pneumothorax]], or a collapsed lung. | Symptoms of PIE can vary, but often include difficulty breathing, rapid breathing, and a bluish skin color due to lack of oxygen. In severe cases, PIE can lead to [[pneumothorax]], or a collapsed lung. | ||
== Diagnosis == | == Diagnosis == | ||
Diagnosis of PIE is typically made through a [[chest X-ray]], which can show abnormal pockets of air in the lungs. Other diagnostic tests can include a [[CT scan]] or [[ultrasound]]. | Diagnosis of PIE is typically made through a [[chest X-ray]], which can show abnormal pockets of air in the lungs. Other diagnostic tests can include a [[CT scan]] or [[ultrasound]]. | ||
== Treatment == | == Treatment == | ||
Treatment for PIE often involves reducing the pressure of mechanical ventilation, if it is being used. In some cases, supplemental oxygen or other treatments may be necessary. In severe cases, surgery may be required. | Treatment for PIE often involves reducing the pressure of mechanical ventilation, if it is being used. In some cases, supplemental oxygen or other treatments may be necessary. In severe cases, surgery may be required. | ||
== Prognosis == | == Prognosis == | ||
The prognosis for infants with PIE can vary widely, depending on the severity of the condition and the presence of other health problems. With appropriate treatment, many infants can recover fully. | The prognosis for infants with PIE can vary widely, depending on the severity of the condition and the presence of other health problems. With appropriate treatment, many infants can recover fully. | ||
== See also == | == See also == | ||
* [[Bronchopulmonary dysplasia]] | * [[Bronchopulmonary dysplasia]] | ||
* [[Pneumothorax]] | * [[Pneumothorax]] | ||
* [[Neonatology]] | * [[Neonatology]] | ||
[[Category:Neonatology]] | [[Category:Neonatology]] | ||
[[Category:Respiratory diseases]] | [[Category:Respiratory diseases]] | ||
[[Category:Pediatrics]] | [[Category:Pediatrics]] | ||
{{stub}} | {{stub}} | ||
Latest revision as of 22:24, 6 April 2025
Editor-In-Chief: Prab R Tumpati, MD
Obesity, Sleep & Internal medicine
Founder, WikiMD Wellnesspedia &
W8MD medical weight loss NYC and sleep center NYC
| Pulmonary interstitial emphysema | |
|---|---|
| |
| Synonyms | PIE |
| Pronounce | N/A |
| Specialty | N/A |
| Symptoms | Respiratory distress, hypoxemia |
| Complications | Pneumothorax, pneumomediastinum |
| Onset | Usually in neonates |
| Duration | Variable |
| Types | N/A |
| Causes | Mechanical ventilation, premature birth |
| Risks | Preterm birth, respiratory distress syndrome |
| Diagnosis | Chest X-ray, CT scan |
| Differential diagnosis | Pneumonia, bronchopulmonary dysplasia |
| Prevention | Gentle ventilation strategies |
| Treatment | Supportive care, high-frequency ventilation, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation |
| Medication | N/A |
| Prognosis | Variable, depends on severity and underlying conditions |
| Frequency | More common in preterm infants |
| Deaths | N/A |
Pulmonary interstitial emphysema (PIE) is a medical condition that primarily affects newborns, particularly those born prematurely. It is characterized by the abnormal accumulation of air in the connective tissue of the lungs.
Causes[edit]
PIE is most commonly caused by mechanical ventilation, a treatment often necessary for premature infants with underdeveloped lungs. Other causes can include pneumonia, bronchopulmonary dysplasia, and meconium aspiration syndrome.
Symptoms[edit]
Symptoms of PIE can vary, but often include difficulty breathing, rapid breathing, and a bluish skin color due to lack of oxygen. In severe cases, PIE can lead to pneumothorax, or a collapsed lung.
Diagnosis[edit]
Diagnosis of PIE is typically made through a chest X-ray, which can show abnormal pockets of air in the lungs. Other diagnostic tests can include a CT scan or ultrasound.
Treatment[edit]
Treatment for PIE often involves reducing the pressure of mechanical ventilation, if it is being used. In some cases, supplemental oxygen or other treatments may be necessary. In severe cases, surgery may be required.
Prognosis[edit]
The prognosis for infants with PIE can vary widely, depending on the severity of the condition and the presence of other health problems. With appropriate treatment, many infants can recover fully.
