Pyometra: Difference between revisions

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== Pyometra ==
{{SI}}
'''Pyometra''' is a serious and life-threatening condition in animals, particularly common in female dogs and cats, characterized by the accumulation of pus in the [[Uterus|uterus]]. It is usually a result of a severe bacterial infection.  
{{Infobox medical condition
 
| name            = Pyometra
[[File:Pyometra annotated.JPG|thumb|right|An X-ray showing pyometra in a dog.]]
| image          = [[File:Dog_pyometrial_uterus.jpg|250px]]
 
| caption        = A uterus affected by pyometra in a dog
=== Overview ===
| field          = [[Veterinary medicine]]
| symptoms        = [[Lethargy]], [[anorexia]], [[vomiting]], [[vaginal discharge]], [[polyuria]], [[polydipsia]]
| complications  = [[Sepsis]], [[peritonitis]], [[renal failure]]
| onset          = Typically in older, unspayed female animals
| duration        = Can be acute or chronic
| causes          = [[Bacterial infection]], often [[Escherichia coli]]
| risks          = [[Unspayed female animals]], [[hormonal changes]]
| diagnosis      = [[Ultrasound]], [[X-ray]], [[blood tests]]
| differential    = [[Pregnancy]], [[cystic endometrial hyperplasia]], [[metritis]]
| prevention      = [[Spaying]]
| treatment      = [[Ovariohysterectomy]], [[antibiotics]], [[supportive care]]
| prognosis      = Good with prompt treatment, poor if untreated
| frequency      = Common in older, unspayed female dogs and cats
}}
'''Pyometra''' is a serious and life-threatening condition in animals, particularly common in female dogs and cats, characterized by the accumulation of pus in the [[Uterus|uterus]]. It is usually a result of a severe bacterial infection.
[[File:Pyometra annotated.JPG|left|thumb|An X-ray showing pyometra in a dog.]]
=== Introduction ===
Pyometra can occur in any mammalian species but is most commonly seen in dogs and cats. It often develops as a secondary infection following a [[Estrous Cycle|heat cycle]], with hormones contributing to the condition.
Pyometra can occur in any mammalian species but is most commonly seen in dogs and cats. It often develops as a secondary infection following a [[Estrous Cycle|heat cycle]], with hormones contributing to the condition.
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=== Causes ===
=== Causes ===
The primary cause of pyometra is a bacterial infection in the uterus. The condition is often associated with prolonged exposure to progesterone, a hormone that can create an environment conducive to bacterial growth.  
The primary cause of pyometra is a bacterial infection in the uterus. The condition is often associated with prolonged exposure to progesterone, a hormone that can create an environment conducive to bacterial growth.
 
[[File:Pyometra.jpg|left|thumb|bacterial infection in the uterus leading to pyometra.]]
[[File:Pyometra.jpg|thumb|left|bacterial infection in the uterus leading to pyometra.]]
 
=== Symptoms ===
=== Symptoms ===
Symptoms of pyometra may include:
Symptoms of pyometra may include:
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* Vaginal discharge
* Vaginal discharge
* Increased thirst and urination
* Increased thirst and urination
=== Diagnosis and Treatment ===
=== Diagnosis and Treatment ===
Diagnosis typically involves blood tests, ultrasound, and X-rays. Treatment usually requires prompt surgical intervention, namely [[Ovariohysterectomy|ovariohysterectomy]], and antibiotic therapy.
Diagnosis typically involves blood tests, ultrasound, and X-rays. Treatment usually requires prompt surgical intervention, namely [[Ovariohysterectomy|ovariohysterectomy]], and antibiotic therapy.
== Prevention ==
== Prevention ==
Prevention of pyometra is primarily through spaying, which removes the risk of uterine infection.
Prevention of pyometra is primarily through spaying, which removes the risk of uterine infection.
== See Also ==
== See Also ==
* [[Veterinary Medicine]]
* [[Veterinary Medicine]]
* [[Bacterial Infections in Animals]]
* [[Bacterial Infections in Animals]]
* [[Reproductive Health in Animals]]
* [[Reproductive Health in Animals]]
== External Links ==
== External Links ==
* [https://www.avma.org/resources/pet-owners/petcare/pyometra American Veterinary Medical Association - Pyometra]
* [https://www.avma.org/resources/pet-owners/petcare/pyometra American Veterinary Medical Association - Pyometra]
* [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/Pyometra National Institute of Health - Research on Pyometra in Animals]
* [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/Pyometra National Institute of Health - Research on Pyometra in Animals]
== References ==
== References ==
<references>
<references>
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* Smith, F. A., & Thompson, K. (2020). Canine and Feline Pyometra: Pathophysiology and Treatment. ''Animal Health Research Reviews'', 21(1), 123-132.
* Smith, F. A., & Thompson, K. (2020). Canine and Feline Pyometra: Pathophysiology and Treatment. ''Animal Health Research Reviews'', 21(1), 123-132.
</references>
</references>
[[Category:Veterinary Medicine]]
[[Category:Veterinary Medicine]]
[[Category:Animal Health]]
[[Category:Animal Health]]
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Latest revision as of 16:19, 12 April 2025

Editor-In-Chief: Prab R Tumpati, MD
Obesity, Sleep & Internal medicine
Founder, WikiMD Wellnesspedia &
W8MD medical weight loss NYC and sleep center NYC

Pyometra
Synonyms N/A
Pronounce N/A
Specialty N/A
Symptoms Lethargy, anorexia, vomiting, vaginal discharge, polyuria, polydipsia
Complications Sepsis, peritonitis, renal failure
Onset Typically in older, unspayed female animals
Duration Can be acute or chronic
Types N/A
Causes Bacterial infection, often Escherichia coli
Risks Unspayed female animals, hormonal changes
Diagnosis Ultrasound, X-ray, blood tests
Differential diagnosis Pregnancy, cystic endometrial hyperplasia, metritis
Prevention Spaying
Treatment Ovariohysterectomy, antibiotics, supportive care
Medication N/A
Prognosis Good with prompt treatment, poor if untreated
Frequency Common in older, unspayed female dogs and cats
Deaths N/A


Pyometra is a serious and life-threatening condition in animals, particularly common in female dogs and cats, characterized by the accumulation of pus in the uterus. It is usually a result of a severe bacterial infection.

An X-ray showing pyometra in a dog.

Introduction[edit]

Pyometra can occur in any mammalian species but is most commonly seen in dogs and cats. It often develops as a secondary infection following a heat cycle, with hormones contributing to the condition.

Causes[edit]

The primary cause of pyometra is a bacterial infection in the uterus. The condition is often associated with prolonged exposure to progesterone, a hormone that can create an environment conducive to bacterial growth.

bacterial infection in the uterus leading to pyometra.

Symptoms[edit]

Symptoms of pyometra may include:

  • Lethargy
  • Loss of appetite
  • Abdominal distension
  • Vaginal discharge
  • Increased thirst and urination

Diagnosis and Treatment[edit]

Diagnosis typically involves blood tests, ultrasound, and X-rays. Treatment usually requires prompt surgical intervention, namely ovariohysterectomy, and antibiotic therapy.

Prevention[edit]

Prevention of pyometra is primarily through spaying, which removes the risk of uterine infection.

See Also[edit]

External Links[edit]

References[edit]

<references>

  • Johnson, H. M., & Roberts, L. (2021). Pyometra in Small Animals: Diagnosis and Treatment. Journal of Veterinary Medicine, 36(2), 112-118.
  • Smith, F. A., & Thompson, K. (2020). Canine and Feline Pyometra: Pathophysiology and Treatment. Animal Health Research Reviews, 21(1), 123-132.

</references>

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