Thyroid neoplasm: Difference between revisions
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{{Infobox medical condition | |||
| name = Thyroid neoplasm | |||
| image = [[File:Thyroid_lar_ani.gif|thumb|alt=Thyroid neoplasm]] | |||
| caption = Animation of thyroid neoplasm | |||
| field = [[Endocrinology]] | |||
| symptoms = [[Lump in the neck]], [[hoarseness]], [[difficulty swallowing]], [[difficulty breathing]] | |||
| complications = [[Metastasis]], [[hypothyroidism]], [[hyperthyroidism]] | |||
| onset = Variable | |||
| duration = Variable | |||
| types = [[Benign tumor]], [[Malignant tumor]] | |||
| causes = [[Genetic mutations]], [[radiation exposure]] | |||
| risks = [[Family history]], [[radiation therapy]], [[iodine deficiency]] | |||
| diagnosis = [[Ultrasound]], [[fine needle aspiration]], [[biopsy]] | |||
| differential = [[Thyroiditis]], [[thyroid cyst]] | |||
| prevention = [[Avoidance of radiation]], [[iodine supplementation]] | |||
| treatment = [[Surgery]], [[radioactive iodine]], [[thyroid hormone therapy]], [[chemotherapy]] | |||
| medication = [[Levothyroxine]], [[antithyroid drugs]] | |||
| prognosis = Generally good for benign, variable for malignant | |||
| frequency = Common | |||
}} | |||
[[File:Histopathology_of_carcinoma_of_the_thyroid_with_Ewing_family_tumor_elements,_and_intrathyroid_thymic_carcinoma.jpg|left|thumb|Histopathology of carcinoma of the thyroid with Ewing family tumor elements, and intrathyroid thymic carcinoma]] | |||
[[File:Histopathology_of_follicular_patterned_medullary_thyroid_carcinoma,_and_intrathyroidal_parathyroid_tissue.jpg|left|thumb|Histopathology of follicular patterned medullary thyroid carcinoma, and intrathyroidal parathyroid tissue]] | |||
[[File:Histopathology_of_hyperfunctioning_and_non-hyperfunctioning_thyroid_follicular_adenoma,_and_follicular_thyroid_carcinoma_with_glomeruloid_pattern.jpg|thumb|Histopathology of hyperfunctioning and non-hyperfunctioning thyroid follicular adenoma, and follicular thyroid carcinoma with glomeruloid pattern]] | |||
'''Thyroid neoplasm''' is a type of [[neoplasm]] or [[tumor]] that develops in the [[thyroid gland]]. The thyroid gland is a butterfly-shaped organ located in the front of the neck, below the [[Adam's apple]]. The thyroid gland produces [[hormones]] that regulate the body's metabolic rate, heart and digestive function, muscle control, brain development, mood, and bone maintenance. | '''Thyroid neoplasm''' is a type of [[neoplasm]] or [[tumor]] that develops in the [[thyroid gland]]. The thyroid gland is a butterfly-shaped organ located in the front of the neck, below the [[Adam's apple]]. The thyroid gland produces [[hormones]] that regulate the body's metabolic rate, heart and digestive function, muscle control, brain development, mood, and bone maintenance. | ||
==Types of Thyroid Neoplasm== | ==Types of Thyroid Neoplasm== | ||
There are several types of thyroid neoplasms, including: | There are several types of thyroid neoplasms, including: | ||
* '''[[Papillary thyroid carcinoma]]''': This is the most common type of thyroid cancer, accounting for about 80% of all cases. It grows very slowly and usually affects only one lobe of the thyroid gland. | * '''[[Papillary thyroid carcinoma]]''': This is the most common type of thyroid cancer, accounting for about 80% of all cases. It grows very slowly and usually affects only one lobe of the thyroid gland. | ||
* '''[[Follicular thyroid carcinoma]]''': This type accounts for about 10% to 15% of all thyroid cancers. It grows slowly and is more likely to spread to the blood vessels and bones. | * '''[[Follicular thyroid carcinoma]]''': This type accounts for about 10% to 15% of all thyroid cancers. It grows slowly and is more likely to spread to the blood vessels and bones. | ||
* '''[[Medullary thyroid carcinoma]]''': This type accounts for about 3% of all thyroid cancers. It is more likely to be inherited and to spread to other parts of the body. | * '''[[Medullary thyroid carcinoma]]''': This type accounts for about 3% of all thyroid cancers. It is more likely to be inherited and to spread to other parts of the body. | ||
* '''[[Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma]]''': This is a rare type of thyroid cancer that grows very quickly and is difficult to treat. | * '''[[Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma]]''': This is a rare type of thyroid cancer that grows very quickly and is difficult to treat. | ||
==Symptoms== | ==Symptoms== | ||
Symptoms of thyroid neoplasm may include a lump or swelling in the neck, pain in the front of the neck, hoarseness or other voice changes, difficulty swallowing, and swollen lymph nodes in the neck. | Symptoms of thyroid neoplasm may include a lump or swelling in the neck, pain in the front of the neck, hoarseness or other voice changes, difficulty swallowing, and swollen lymph nodes in the neck. | ||
==Diagnosis== | ==Diagnosis== | ||
Diagnosis of thyroid neoplasm typically involves a physical examination, blood tests, imaging tests, and a biopsy. | Diagnosis of thyroid neoplasm typically involves a physical examination, blood tests, imaging tests, and a biopsy. | ||
==Treatment== | ==Treatment== | ||
Treatment options for thyroid neoplasm may include surgery, radioactive iodine therapy, hormone therapy, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, or targeted drug therapy. | Treatment options for thyroid neoplasm may include surgery, radioactive iodine therapy, hormone therapy, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, or targeted drug therapy. | ||
==Images== | |||
<gallery> | |||
File:Histopathology_of_lipid-rich_follicular_thyroid_carcinoma,_and_adenolipoma.jpg|Histopathology of lipid-rich follicular thyroid carcinoma, and adenolipoma | |||
File:Histopathology_of_medullary_thyroid_carcinoma,_solid_variant_of_papillary_thyroid_carcinoma_and_biplastic_Hürthle_cell.jpg|Histopathology of medullary thyroid carcinoma, solid variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma and biplastic Hürthle cell | |||
File:Histopathology_of_metastatic_cancers_to_the_thyroid.jpg|Histopathology of metastatic cancers to the thyroid | |||
File:Histopathology_of_mucinous_thyroid_tumors.jpg|Histopathology of mucinous thyroid tumors | |||
File:Histopathology_of_spindle_cell_variant_of_papillary_thyroid_carcinoma,_and_meningioma-like_follicular_adenoma.jpg|Histopathology of spindle cell variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma, and meningioma-like follicular adenoma | |||
File:Histopathology_of_squamous_cells_tumors_of_the_thyroid,_and_sclerosing_mucoepidermoid_carcinoma.jpg|Histopathology of squamous cells tumors of the thyroid, and sclerosing mucoepidermoid carcinoma | |||
File:Histopathology_of_tall_cell_and_hobnail_variants_of_papillary_thyroid_carcinoma.jpg|Histopathology of tall cell and hobnail variants of papillary thyroid carcinoma | |||
File:Histopathology_of_thyroid_tumor_with_solid_cell_nest_features,_and_hyalinizing_trabecular_tumor.jpg|Histopathology of thyroid tumor with solid cell nest features, and hyalinizing trabecular tumor</gallery> | |||
==See Also== | ==See Also== | ||
* [[Thyroid gland]] | * [[Thyroid gland]] | ||
| Line 26: | Line 51: | ||
* [[Cancer]] | * [[Cancer]] | ||
* [[Thyroid cancer]] | * [[Thyroid cancer]] | ||
[[Category:Endocrine neoplasia]] | [[Category:Endocrine neoplasia]] | ||
[[Category:Thyroid disease]] | [[Category:Thyroid disease]] | ||
[[Category:Cancer]] | [[Category:Cancer]] | ||
{{stub}} | {{stub}} | ||
Latest revision as of 12:25, 14 April 2025
Editor-In-Chief: Prab R Tumpati, MD
Obesity, Sleep & Internal medicine
Founder, WikiMD Wellnesspedia &
W8MD's medical weight loss NYC, sleep center NYC
Philadelphia medical weight loss and Philadelphia sleep clinics
| Thyroid neoplasm | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Synonyms | N/A |
| Pronounce | N/A |
| Specialty | N/A |
| Symptoms | Lump in the neck, hoarseness, difficulty swallowing, difficulty breathing |
| Complications | Metastasis, hypothyroidism, hyperthyroidism |
| Onset | Variable |
| Duration | Variable |
| Types | Benign tumor, Malignant tumor |
| Causes | Genetic mutations, radiation exposure |
| Risks | Family history, radiation therapy, iodine deficiency |
| Diagnosis | Ultrasound, fine needle aspiration, biopsy |
| Differential diagnosis | Thyroiditis, thyroid cyst |
| Prevention | Avoidance of radiation, iodine supplementation |
| Treatment | Surgery, radioactive iodine, thyroid hormone therapy, chemotherapy |
| Medication | Levothyroxine, antithyroid drugs |
| Prognosis | Generally good for benign, variable for malignant |
| Frequency | Common |
| Deaths | N/A |
Thyroid neoplasm is a type of neoplasm or tumor that develops in the thyroid gland. The thyroid gland is a butterfly-shaped organ located in the front of the neck, below the Adam's apple. The thyroid gland produces hormones that regulate the body's metabolic rate, heart and digestive function, muscle control, brain development, mood, and bone maintenance.
Types of Thyroid Neoplasm[edit]
There are several types of thyroid neoplasms, including:
- Papillary thyroid carcinoma: This is the most common type of thyroid cancer, accounting for about 80% of all cases. It grows very slowly and usually affects only one lobe of the thyroid gland.
- Follicular thyroid carcinoma: This type accounts for about 10% to 15% of all thyroid cancers. It grows slowly and is more likely to spread to the blood vessels and bones.
- Medullary thyroid carcinoma: This type accounts for about 3% of all thyroid cancers. It is more likely to be inherited and to spread to other parts of the body.
- Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma: This is a rare type of thyroid cancer that grows very quickly and is difficult to treat.
Symptoms[edit]
Symptoms of thyroid neoplasm may include a lump or swelling in the neck, pain in the front of the neck, hoarseness or other voice changes, difficulty swallowing, and swollen lymph nodes in the neck.
Diagnosis[edit]
Diagnosis of thyroid neoplasm typically involves a physical examination, blood tests, imaging tests, and a biopsy.
Treatment[edit]
Treatment options for thyroid neoplasm may include surgery, radioactive iodine therapy, hormone therapy, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, or targeted drug therapy.
Images[edit]
-
Histopathology of lipid-rich follicular thyroid carcinoma, and adenolipoma -
Histopathology of medullary thyroid carcinoma, solid variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma and biplastic Hürthle cell -
Histopathology of metastatic cancers to the thyroid -
Histopathology of mucinous thyroid tumors -
Histopathology of spindle cell variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma, and meningioma-like follicular adenoma -
Histopathology of squamous cells tumors of the thyroid, and sclerosing mucoepidermoid carcinoma -
Histopathology of tall cell and hobnail variants of papillary thyroid carcinoma -
Histopathology of thyroid tumor with solid cell nest features, and hyalinizing trabecular tumor
