Congenital epulis: Difference between revisions
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{{Infobox medical condition | |||
| name = Congenital epulis | |||
| image = [[File:Fig_1._Congenital_Epulis.jpg|250px]] | |||
| caption = Congenital epulis in a newborn | |||
| field = [[Oral and maxillofacial surgery]] | |||
| synonyms = [[Neonatal granular cell tumor]], [[congenital gingival granular cell tumor]] | |||
| symptoms = Mass on the [[gingiva]] (gums) of a newborn | |||
| onset = At birth | |||
| duration = Persistent until removed | |||
| causes = Unknown | |||
| risks = Female newborns | |||
| diagnosis = [[Physical examination]], [[histopathology]] | |||
| differential = [[Granular cell tumor]], [[epulis]], [[teratoma]] | |||
| treatment = [[Surgical excision]] | |||
| prognosis = Excellent, no recurrence expected | |||
| frequency = Rare | |||
}} | |||
'''Congenital epulis''' is a rare benign [[neoplasm]] that occurs in the [[oral cavity]] of newborns. It is also known as '''neumann's tumor'''. The term "epulis" is derived from the Greek word "epi", meaning "on", and "oulos", meaning "gum", thus referring to a gum tumor. | '''Congenital epulis''' is a rare benign [[neoplasm]] that occurs in the [[oral cavity]] of newborns. It is also known as '''neumann's tumor'''. The term "epulis" is derived from the Greek word "epi", meaning "on", and "oulos", meaning "gum", thus referring to a gum tumor. | ||
==Etiology== | ==Etiology== | ||
The exact cause of congenital epulis is unknown. However, it is believed to be a result of a localized reactive hyperplasia of cells rather than a true neoplasm. Some studies suggest a hormonal influence due to the predominance of female patients and the presence of estrogen and progesterone receptors in the tumor cells. | The exact cause of congenital epulis is unknown. However, it is believed to be a result of a localized reactive hyperplasia of cells rather than a true neoplasm. Some studies suggest a hormonal influence due to the predominance of female patients and the presence of estrogen and progesterone receptors in the tumor cells. | ||
==Clinical Presentation== | ==Clinical Presentation== | ||
Congenital epulis typically presents at birth or shortly thereafter. It is characterized by a pedunculated or sessile mass on the alveolar ridge, most commonly the maxillary ridge. The lesion is usually solitary, but multiple lesions can occur. Despite its alarming appearance, congenital epulis does not cause any discomfort or interfere with feeding. | Congenital epulis typically presents at birth or shortly thereafter. It is characterized by a pedunculated or sessile mass on the alveolar ridge, most commonly the maxillary ridge. The lesion is usually solitary, but multiple lesions can occur. Despite its alarming appearance, congenital epulis does not cause any discomfort or interfere with feeding. | ||
==Diagnosis== | ==Diagnosis== | ||
Diagnosis of congenital epulis is primarily based on clinical examination. Imaging studies such as [[Ultrasound|ultrasound]] or [[Magnetic Resonance Imaging|MRI]] can be used to assess the size and extent of the lesion. Definitive diagnosis is made by histopathological examination, which shows a mass of granular cells with a clear cytoplasm and small, dark nuclei. | Diagnosis of congenital epulis is primarily based on clinical examination. Imaging studies such as [[Ultrasound|ultrasound]] or [[Magnetic Resonance Imaging|MRI]] can be used to assess the size and extent of the lesion. Definitive diagnosis is made by histopathological examination, which shows a mass of granular cells with a clear cytoplasm and small, dark nuclei. | ||
==Treatment== | ==Treatment== | ||
The primary treatment for congenital epulis is surgical excision. In some cases, the lesion may regress spontaneously without treatment. Prognosis is excellent, with no reported cases of recurrence or malignant transformation. | The primary treatment for congenital epulis is surgical excision. In some cases, the lesion may regress spontaneously without treatment. Prognosis is excellent, with no reported cases of recurrence or malignant transformation. | ||
==Epidemiology== | ==Epidemiology== | ||
Congenital epulis is a rare condition, with a higher incidence in female newborns. It is most commonly seen in Caucasian populations. | Congenital epulis is a rare condition, with a higher incidence in female newborns. It is most commonly seen in Caucasian populations. | ||
==Gallery== | |||
<gallery> | |||
File:Fig 2 Congenital Epulis.jpg|Fig 2. Congenital Epulis | |||
File:Fig 5 congenital epulis.jpg|Fig 5. Congenital Epulis | |||
File:Fig 4. Congenital Epulis.jpg|Fig 4. Congenital Epulis | |||
File:Fig 6 ; Congenital Epulis.jpg|Fig 6. Congenital Epulis | |||
</gallery> | |||
==See Also== | ==See Also== | ||
* [[Oral Pathology]] | * [[Oral Pathology]] | ||
* [[Pediatric Oncology]] | * [[Pediatric Oncology]] | ||
* [[Neoplasm]] | * [[Neoplasm]] | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
{{reflist}} | {{reflist}} | ||
[[Category:Oral Pathology]] | [[Category:Oral Pathology]] | ||
[[Category:Pediatric Oncology]] | [[Category:Pediatric Oncology]] | ||
| Line 39: | Line 49: | ||
{{Neoplasm-stub}} | {{Neoplasm-stub}} | ||
{{Rare-diseases-stub}} | {{Rare-diseases-stub}} | ||
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| Congenital epulis | |
|---|---|
| |
| Synonyms | Neonatal granular cell tumor, congenital gingival granular cell tumor |
| Pronounce | N/A |
| Specialty | N/A |
| Symptoms | Mass on the gingiva (gums) of a newborn |
| Complications | N/A |
| Onset | At birth |
| Duration | Persistent until removed |
| Types | N/A |
| Causes | Unknown |
| Risks | Female newborns |
| Diagnosis | Physical examination, histopathology |
| Differential diagnosis | Granular cell tumor, epulis, teratoma |
| Prevention | N/A |
| Treatment | Surgical excision |
| Medication | N/A |
| Prognosis | Excellent, no recurrence expected |
| Frequency | Rare |
| Deaths | N/A |
Congenital epulis is a rare benign neoplasm that occurs in the oral cavity of newborns. It is also known as neumann's tumor. The term "epulis" is derived from the Greek word "epi", meaning "on", and "oulos", meaning "gum", thus referring to a gum tumor.
Etiology[edit]
The exact cause of congenital epulis is unknown. However, it is believed to be a result of a localized reactive hyperplasia of cells rather than a true neoplasm. Some studies suggest a hormonal influence due to the predominance of female patients and the presence of estrogen and progesterone receptors in the tumor cells.
Clinical Presentation[edit]
Congenital epulis typically presents at birth or shortly thereafter. It is characterized by a pedunculated or sessile mass on the alveolar ridge, most commonly the maxillary ridge. The lesion is usually solitary, but multiple lesions can occur. Despite its alarming appearance, congenital epulis does not cause any discomfort or interfere with feeding.
Diagnosis[edit]
Diagnosis of congenital epulis is primarily based on clinical examination. Imaging studies such as ultrasound or MRI can be used to assess the size and extent of the lesion. Definitive diagnosis is made by histopathological examination, which shows a mass of granular cells with a clear cytoplasm and small, dark nuclei.
Treatment[edit]
The primary treatment for congenital epulis is surgical excision. In some cases, the lesion may regress spontaneously without treatment. Prognosis is excellent, with no reported cases of recurrence or malignant transformation.
Epidemiology[edit]
Congenital epulis is a rare condition, with a higher incidence in female newborns. It is most commonly seen in Caucasian populations.
Gallery[edit]
-
Fig 2. Congenital Epulis -
Fig 5. Congenital Epulis -
Fig 4. Congenital Epulis -
Fig 6. Congenital Epulis
See Also[edit]
References[edit]
<references group="" responsive="1"></references>
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