Mephentermine: Difference between revisions
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{{Short description|A sympathomimetic agent used as a cardiac stimulant and vasopressor}} | |||
'''Mephentermine''' is a [[sympathomimetic]] agent primarily used as a [[cardiac stimulant]] and [[vasopressor]]. It is known for its ability to increase [[blood pressure]] by stimulating the release of [[norepinephrine]] from adrenergic nerve endings. Mephentermine is often used in the management of [[hypotension]] during [[anesthesia]] and surgical procedures. | |||
Mephentermine is used to | |||
== | ==Pharmacology== | ||
Mephentermine acts as an indirect [[sympathomimetic]] by promoting the release of [[norepinephrine]], which in turn stimulates [[alpha-adrenergic receptors]] leading to vasoconstriction and increased blood pressure. It also has some direct action on [[beta-adrenergic receptors]], which can increase [[cardiac output]]. | |||
== | ==Medical Uses== | ||
Mephentermine is | Mephentermine is primarily used to treat [[hypotension]] that occurs during [[anesthesia]]. It is administered intravenously or intramuscularly to rapidly increase blood pressure. The drug is also used in some cases to treat [[orthostatic hypotension]]. | ||
== | ==Side Effects== | ||
Common side effects of mephentermine include [[tachycardia]], [[palpitations]], [[headache]], and [[nausea]]. In some cases, it can cause [[anxiety]] and [[tremors]]. Due to its sympathomimetic effects, it may also lead to [[hypertension]] if not properly monitored. | |||
== | ==Synthesis== | ||
Mephentermine | [[File:Mephentermine_synthesis.svg|Synthesis of Mephentermine|thumb|right]] | ||
The synthesis of mephentermine involves the reaction of [[phenylacetone]] with [[methylamine]] in the presence of a reducing agent. This process results in the formation of the secondary amine structure characteristic of mephentermine. | |||
== | ==Chemical Structure== | ||
Mephentermine | [[File:Mephentermine.svg|Chemical structure of Mephentermine|thumb|left]] | ||
Mephentermine is a phenethylamine derivative with a chemical structure similar to that of [[amphetamine]]. It contains a phenyl ring bonded to an ethylamine chain, with a methyl group attached to the nitrogen atom. | |||
== | ==Related Compounds== | ||
Mephentermine is related to other [[phenethylamines]] and [[amphetamine]] derivatives. It shares structural similarities with [[methamphetamine]] and [[amphetamine]], but its pharmacological effects are distinct due to its specific action on adrenergic receptors. | |||
==Regulation and Legal Status== | |||
The legal status of mephentermine varies by country. In some regions, it is classified as a controlled substance due to its potential for abuse and its stimulant properties. It is important for healthcare providers to be aware of the regulations governing its use in their respective jurisdictions. | |||
==Related Pages== | |||
* [[Sympathomimetic drug]] | |||
* [[Vasopressor]] | |||
* [[Cardiac stimulant]] | * [[Cardiac stimulant]] | ||
* [[Hypotension]] | * [[Hypotension]] | ||
* [[Anesthesia]] | * [[Anesthesia]] | ||
[[Category: | [[Category:Sympathomimetic amines]] | ||
[[Category: | [[Category:Vasopressors]] | ||
[[Category:Cardiac stimulants]] | [[Category:Cardiac stimulants]] | ||
Latest revision as of 11:14, 23 March 2025
A sympathomimetic agent used as a cardiac stimulant and vasopressor
Mephentermine is a sympathomimetic agent primarily used as a cardiac stimulant and vasopressor. It is known for its ability to increase blood pressure by stimulating the release of norepinephrine from adrenergic nerve endings. Mephentermine is often used in the management of hypotension during anesthesia and surgical procedures.
Pharmacology[edit]
Mephentermine acts as an indirect sympathomimetic by promoting the release of norepinephrine, which in turn stimulates alpha-adrenergic receptors leading to vasoconstriction and increased blood pressure. It also has some direct action on beta-adrenergic receptors, which can increase cardiac output.
Medical Uses[edit]
Mephentermine is primarily used to treat hypotension that occurs during anesthesia. It is administered intravenously or intramuscularly to rapidly increase blood pressure. The drug is also used in some cases to treat orthostatic hypotension.
Side Effects[edit]
Common side effects of mephentermine include tachycardia, palpitations, headache, and nausea. In some cases, it can cause anxiety and tremors. Due to its sympathomimetic effects, it may also lead to hypertension if not properly monitored.
Synthesis[edit]
The synthesis of mephentermine involves the reaction of phenylacetone with methylamine in the presence of a reducing agent. This process results in the formation of the secondary amine structure characteristic of mephentermine.
Chemical Structure[edit]
Mephentermine is a phenethylamine derivative with a chemical structure similar to that of amphetamine. It contains a phenyl ring bonded to an ethylamine chain, with a methyl group attached to the nitrogen atom.
Related Compounds[edit]
Mephentermine is related to other phenethylamines and amphetamine derivatives. It shares structural similarities with methamphetamine and amphetamine, but its pharmacological effects are distinct due to its specific action on adrenergic receptors.
Regulation and Legal Status[edit]
The legal status of mephentermine varies by country. In some regions, it is classified as a controlled substance due to its potential for abuse and its stimulant properties. It is important for healthcare providers to be aware of the regulations governing its use in their respective jurisdictions.
