Tolazamide

Tolazamide is an oral hypoglycemic medication used for the treatment of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM). It belongs to the sulfonylurea class of diabetes medications, which also includes glimepiride, glipizide, and glyburide. Tolazamide, like other sulfonylureas, works by stimulating the pancreas to secrete more insulin.

Mechanism of Action

Tolazamide lowers blood glucose by stimulating the release of insulin from the pancreas. It achieves this by binding to and inhibiting the ATP-sensitive potassium channel on the pancreatic beta cells. This inhibition causes cell depolarization, opening of voltage-dependent calcium channels, influx of calcium, and release of insulin.

Side Effects

Common side effects of tolazamide include nausea, heartburn, rash, and weight gain. Severe side effects may include low blood sugar, jaundice, and allergic reactions.

Contraindications

Tolazamide is contraindicated in patients with type 1 diabetes or diabetic ketoacidosis. It is also contraindicated in patients with known hypersensitivity to tolazamide or any other sulfonylureas.

Interactions

Tolazamide may interact with other medications, including beta blockers, diuretics, steroids, phenothiazines, thyroid medicine, birth control pills, and other hormones.

See Also

• Diabetes management
• Oral hypoglycemic agent
• Sulfonylurea

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