Deoxyadenosine: Difference between revisions

Latest revision as of 05:21, 16 February 2025

Deoxyadenosine[edit]

3D space-filling model of deoxyadenosine

Deoxyadenosine is a deoxyribonucleoside that is composed of the purine base adenine attached to a deoxyribose sugar. It is one of the four nucleoside building blocks of DNA, the others being deoxycytidine, deoxyguanosine, and thymidine.

Structure[edit]

Deoxyadenosine consists of the adenine base linked to a deoxyribose sugar via a _-N9-glycosidic bond. The absence of a hydroxyl group at the 2' position of the ribose sugar distinguishes it from adenosine, which is a component of RNA.

Function[edit]

In the context of DNA, deoxyadenosine pairs with thymine through two hydrogen bonds, contributing to the stability of the double helix structure. It plays a crucial role in the storage and transmission of genetic information.

Synthesis[edit]

Deoxyadenosine is synthesized in cells through the reduction of adenosine diphosphate (ADP) to deoxyadenosine diphosphate (dADP) by the enzyme ribonucleotide reductase. This is followed by the conversion of dADP to deoxyadenosine triphosphate (dATP), which is then incorporated into DNA during DNA replication.

Metabolism[edit]

Deoxyadenosine is metabolized by the enzyme adenosine deaminase to deoxyinosine, which is further broken down into hypoxanthine and eventually into uric acid. Deficiency in adenosine deaminase can lead to the accumulation of deoxyadenosine, which is toxic to lymphocytes and can result in severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID).

Clinical Significance[edit]

The accumulation of deoxyadenosine due to adenosine deaminase deficiency is a key factor in the pathogenesis of SCID. This condition is characterized by a severely compromised immune system, making individuals highly susceptible to infections. Treatment options include enzyme replacement therapy and gene therapy.

Related pages[edit]

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
-'''Deoxyadenosine''' is a [[nucleoside]] that is composed of [[adenine]] and [[deoxyribose]]. It is a component of [[DNA]] and plays a crucial role in various biological functions.
+{{DISPLAYTITLE:Deoxyadenosine}}
-==Structure==
+== Deoxyadenosine ==
-Deoxyadenosine is made up of two parts: a [[nitrogenous base]] called adenine and a sugar called deoxyribose. The adenine is attached to the 1' carbon of the deoxyribose, and the 5' carbon of the deoxyribose is available for [[phosphorylation]]. This allows deoxyadenosine to be incorporated into the growing DNA chain during [[DNA replication]].
+[[File:Deoxyadenosine-3D-spacefill.png|thumb|right|3D space-filling model of deoxyadenosine]]
-==Function==
+'''Deoxyadenosine''' is a [[deoxyribonucleoside]] that is composed of the [[purine]] base [[adenine]] attached to a [[deoxyribose]] sugar. It is one of the four nucleoside building blocks of [[DNA]], the others being [[deoxycytidine]], [[deoxyguanosine]], and [[thymidine]].
-Deoxyadenosine is a building block of DNA. During DNA replication, the enzymes [[DNA polymerases]] add deoxyadenosine to the growing DNA chain in the form of its [[phosphate]] derivative, [[deoxyadenosine triphosphate]] (dATP). The sequence of deoxyadenosine and other nucleosides in a DNA strand carries the genetic information of an organism.
-==Clinical significance==
+== Structure ==
-Abnormal levels of deoxyadenosine can lead to a variety of health problems. For example, an excess of deoxyadenosine can lead to [[adenosine deaminase deficiency]], a genetic disorder that results in [[immunodeficiency]]. On the other hand, a deficiency of deoxyadenosine can lead to [[MNGIE syndrome]], a rare genetic disorder characterized by [[neuropathy]], [[gastrointestinal]] problems, and [[encephalopathy]].
+Deoxyadenosine consists of the [[adenine]] base linked to a deoxyribose sugar via a _-N9-glycosidic bond. The absence of a hydroxyl group at the 2' position of the ribose sugar distinguishes it from [[adenosine]], which is a component of [[RNA]].
-==See also==
+== Function ==
-* [[Adenosine]]
+In the context of [[DNA]], deoxyadenosine pairs with [[thymine]] through two hydrogen bonds, contributing to the stability of the [[double helix]] structure. It plays a crucial role in the storage and transmission of genetic information.
+== Synthesis ==
+Deoxyadenosine is synthesized in cells through the reduction of [[adenosine]] diphosphate (ADP) to deoxyadenosine diphosphate (dADP) by the enzyme [[ribonucleotide reductase]]. This is followed by the conversion of dADP to deoxyadenosine triphosphate (dATP), which is then incorporated into DNA during [[DNA replication]].
+== Metabolism ==
+Deoxyadenosine is metabolized by the enzyme [[adenosine deaminase]] to deoxyinosine, which is further broken down into [[hypoxanthine]] and eventually into [[uric acid]]. Deficiency in adenosine deaminase can lead to the accumulation of deoxyadenosine, which is toxic to lymphocytes and can result in [[severe combined immunodeficiency]] (SCID).
+== Clinical Significance ==
+The accumulation of deoxyadenosine due to adenosine deaminase deficiency is a key factor in the pathogenesis of SCID. This condition is characterized by a severely compromised immune system, making individuals highly susceptible to infections. Treatment options include enzyme replacement therapy and [[gene therapy]].
+== Related pages ==
 * [[DNA]]
 * [[Nucleoside]]
-* [[Adenosine deaminase deficiency]]
+* [[Adenine]]
-* [[MNGIE syndrome]]
+* [[Deoxyribose]]
+* [[Adenosine deaminase]]
-{{stub}}
-[[Category: Nucleosides]]
+[[Category:Nucleosides]]
-[[Category: DNA]]
-[[Category: Genetics]]
-[[Category: Biochemistry]]