Sodium ions
Sodium ions
Sodium ions (pronunciation: /ˈsoʊdiəm/ /aɪɑːn/) are essential components in the human body and play a significant role in various physiological processes.
Etymology
The term "sodium" originates from the English word "soda". The symbol for sodium, Na, comes from the Latin 'Natrium'. The term "ion" comes from the Greek word ἰόν, ion, "going", the present participle of ἰέναι, ienai, "to go".
Role in the Body
Sodium ions are primarily found in the blood and the fluid surrounding cells. They are crucial for nerve impulse transmission, muscle contraction, and fluid balance in the body. Sodium ions also play a vital role in the active transport of various substances across cell membranes.
Regulation
The concentration of sodium ions in the body is regulated by the kidneys. The hormones aldosterone and antidiuretic hormone (ADH) also play a role in this regulation.
Related Terms
- Hyponatremia: A condition characterized by low levels of sodium in the blood.
- Hypernatremia: A condition characterized by high levels of sodium in the blood.
- Sodium-potassium pump: A mechanism of active transport that moves sodium ions out of and potassium ions into the cell.
See Also
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