Sodium chloride

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Sodium Chloride

Sodium chloride (/ˈsoʊdiəm ˈklɔːraɪd/), also known as salt, is an ionic compound with the chemical formula NaCl, representing a 1:1 ratio of sodium and chloride ions.

Etymology

The term "sodium" originates from the English word "soda". The term "chloride" is derived from the Greek word "chloros", meaning greenish-yellow, which is the color of chlorine gas.

Description

Sodium chloride is the salt most responsible for the salinity of seawater and of the extracellular fluid of many multicellular organisms. In its pure form, it is a white crystalline solid that is highly soluble in water. The molar mass of sodium chloride is 58.44 g/mol.

Uses

Sodium chloride is used in many industrial processes including the manufacture of chlorine and sodium hydroxide, in the Kraft process for making paper, and in the manufacture of soaps and detergents. It is also used as a preservative in food, a flavor enhancer, and an essential nutrient for human health.

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