Platinum-based antineoplastic

Platinum-based antineoplastic (pronunciation: plat-i-num based an-ti-neo-plas-tic) is a type of chemotherapy drug that contains the metal platinum. These drugs are used to treat various types of cancer, including testicular cancer, ovarian cancer, lung cancer, bladder cancer, and head and neck cancer.

Etymology

The term "Platinum-based antineoplastic" is derived from the elements that make up the drug. "Platinum-based" refers to the platinum compound used in the drug, while "antineoplastic" is derived from the Greek words "anti" meaning against, and "neoplasia" meaning new growth, referring to the drug's action against cancerous cells.

Mechanism of Action

Platinum-based antineoplastics work by interfering with the DNA in cancer cells, preventing them from dividing and growing. They form covalent bonds with the DNA, causing it to become cross-linked and unable to separate. This triggers the cell's damage response mechanisms, leading to cell death.

Types of Platinum-based Antineoplastics

There are several types of platinum-based antineoplastics, including:

• Cisplatin
• Carboplatin
• Oxaliplatin

Each of these drugs has a slightly different chemical structure and is used to treat different types of cancer.

Side Effects

Like all chemotherapy drugs, platinum-based antineoplastics can cause side effects. These may include:

• Nausea and vomiting
• Kidney damage
• Hearing loss
• Peripheral neuropathy

See Also

• Chemotherapy
• Cancer
• DNA

External links

• Medical encyclopedia article on Platinum-based antineoplastic
• Wikipedia's article - Platinum-based antineoplastic

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