Functional electrical stimulation
Functional Electrical Stimulation
Functional Electrical Stimulation (FES) (pronunciation: /ˈfʌŋkʃənəl ɪˈlɛktrɪkəl ˌstɪmjʊˈleɪʃən/), is a technique that uses electrical currents to activate nerves in the body. The term is derived from the Latin functio meaning "performance", the Greek ēlektron meaning "amber", and the Latin stimulatio meaning "goad, prick".
FES is primarily used in the field of physical therapy and rehabilitation medicine to restore or improve the functionality of impaired muscles and nerves. It is often used in the treatment of conditions such as stroke, spinal cord injury, and multiple sclerosis.
History
The concept of using electrical stimulation for therapeutic purposes dates back to ancient times, but the modern application of FES began in the mid-20th century. The development of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) in the 1970s paved the way for the use of FES in clinical practice.
Technique
FES involves the application of small electrical pulses to the skin over areas where nerve damage has occurred. These pulses are intended to stimulate the underlying nerves and muscles, promoting movement and function. The intensity, frequency, and duration of the electrical stimulation can be adjusted to suit the individual's needs and tolerance.
Applications
FES is used in a variety of medical applications, including:
- Neurorehabilitation: FES can help to restore movement and function in individuals who have suffered nerve damage due to conditions such as stroke or spinal cord injury.
- Orthotics: FES can be used in conjunction with orthotic devices to improve mobility and reduce the risk of muscle atrophy.
- Pain management: FES can be used to alleviate chronic pain by blocking the transmission of pain signals to the brain.
See Also
References
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Functional electrical stimulation
- Wikipedia's article - Functional electrical stimulation
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