Disaccharides
Disaccharides
Disaccharides (pronounced: /ˌdaɪsəˈkɑːraɪdz/) are a type of carbohydrate that consists of two monosaccharide units linked together by a glycosidic bond. The term "disaccharide" is derived from the Greek words "di", meaning "two", and "saccharide", meaning "sugar".
Types of Disaccharides
There are several types of disaccharides, including:
- Sucrose: This is the most common disaccharide and is often referred to as table sugar. It is composed of glucose and fructose.
- Lactose: This disaccharide is found in milk and dairy products. It is composed of glucose and galactose.
- Maltose: This disaccharide is produced during the digestion of starch. It is composed of two glucose units.
Functions of Disaccharides
Disaccharides serve several important functions in the body. They provide energy, help regulate blood sugar levels, and play a role in various metabolic processes. For example, sucrose is a major source of energy in the diet, while lactose is important for the growth and development of infants.
Health Implications
Certain health conditions can affect the body's ability to digest disaccharides. For instance, individuals with lactose intolerance are unable to fully digest lactose, leading to digestive symptoms such as bloating, diarrhea, and gas.
Related Terms
- Monosaccharides: These are the simplest form of carbohydrates and include glucose, fructose, and galactose.
- Polysaccharides: These are complex carbohydrates that consist of more than two monosaccharide units.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Disaccharides
- Wikipedia's article - Disaccharides
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