Deep Brain Stimulation
Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS) is a neurosurgical procedure involving the implantation of a medical device called a neurostimulator (sometimes referred to as a 'brain pacemaker'), which sends electrical impulses, through implanted electrodes, to specific targets in the brain (brain nuclei) for the treatment of movement and neuropsychiatric disorders. DBS in select brain regions has provided therapeutic benefits for otherwise-treatment-resistant disorders such as Parkinson's disease, essential tremor, dystonia, chronic pain, major depression and obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD).
Pronunciation
Deep Brain Stimulation: /di:p breɪn stɪmjʊˈleɪʃən/
Etymology
The term "Deep Brain Stimulation" is derived from the English language. "Deep" refers to the procedure's ability to reach deep into the brain, "Brain" refers to the organ being targeted, and "Stimulation" refers to the electrical impulses used to treat various neurological conditions.
Related Terms
- Neurostimulator
- Parkinson's disease
- Essential tremor
- Dystonia
- Chronic pain
- Major depression
- Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD)
Procedure
DBS typically works by inactivating the parts of the brain that cause Parkinson's disease and other movement disorders. The procedure is used for patients whose symptoms cannot be adequately controlled with medications. DBS uses a surgically implanted, battery-operated medical device called a neurostimulator to deliver electrical stimulation to specific areas in the brain that control movement, blocking the abnormal nerve signals that cause symptoms.
Risks and Complications
Like any surgery, DBS carries risks, including risks from the surgery and from the device. However, the potential benefits of the procedure may outweigh the risks for some patients. Complications can include infection, stroke, or unwanted side effects such as tingling or numbness.
See Also
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Deep Brain Stimulation
- Wikipedia's article - Deep Brain Stimulation
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