Birth trauma (physical)
Birth trauma (physical)
Birth trauma (pronounced: /bɜːrθ ˈtrɔːmə/) refers to physical injuries sustained by a newborn during the process of childbirth. The term is most often used to describe injuries that occur during a difficult or complicated delivery.
Etymology
The term "birth trauma" originates from the Latin words "birth" (nasci) and "wound" (trauma).
Causes
Birth trauma can be caused by a variety of factors, including:
- Forceps delivery or vacuum extraction: These are methods used to assist in the delivery of a baby, but they can sometimes cause injury.
- Cephalopelvic disproportion: This is when the baby's head or body is too large to fit through the mother's pelvis.
- Prolonged labor: This can put the baby under stress and potentially cause injury.
- Breech birth: This is when the baby is positioned feet-first in the womb, which can complicate delivery and increase the risk of injury.
Symptoms
Symptoms of birth trauma can vary widely, but may include:
- Bruising or swelling on the head or face
- Fractures to the clavicle or other bones
- Nerve damage resulting in weakness or paralysis
- Intracranial hemorrhage, or bleeding in the brain
Treatment
Treatment for birth trauma depends on the severity and type of injury. It may include:
- Physical therapy to help with movement and strength
- Surgery to repair fractures or severe nerve damage
- Medication to manage pain or other symptoms
Related Terms
- Neonatology: The branch of medicine that deals with newborn infants, especially the ill or premature newborn.
- Obstetrics: The branch of medicine and surgery concerned with childbirth and the care of women giving birth.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Birth trauma (physical)
- Wikipedia's article - Birth trauma (physical)
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