AChE
AChE (Acetylcholinesterase)
Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) is an enzyme that catalyzes the breakdown of acetylcholine and some other choline esters that function as neurotransmitters. AChE is found at mainly at the neuromuscular junction and cholinergic brain synapses, where its activity serves to terminate synaptic transmission.
Function
AChE's primary function is to terminate the action of acetylcholine in the synaptic cleft, a function essential for proper muscle function. It does this by breaking down acetylcholine into its constituent parts, choline and acetate, effectively stopping the signal that was sent by the neurotransmitter.
Structure
AChE is a glycoprotein with a molecular weight of about 70,000. It is shaped like a deep gorge, 20 angstroms long, opening to the outside at both ends. The active site - the place where acetylcholine binds - is located at the bottom of this gorge.
Clinical significance
AChE is the target of various neurotoxic compounds, including nerve gases and pesticides, which leads to an accumulation of acetylcholine in the body. This can result in severe health problems, including muscle weakness, paralysis, and even death. In addition, mutations in the gene encoding AChE are associated with certain types of congenital myasthenic syndrome.
See also
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on AChE
- Wikipedia's article - AChE
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