Water pollution
Water Pollution
Water pollution (pronunciation: /ˈwɔːtər pɒlˈjuːʃ(ə)n/) is the contamination of water bodies such as lakes, rivers, oceans, aquifers, and groundwater. This form of environmental degradation occurs when pollutants are directly or indirectly discharged into water bodies without adequate treatment to remove harmful compounds.
Etymology
The term "water pollution" is derived from the Old English "wæter" meaning "water", and the Latin "pollutio" meaning "defilement, contamination".
Types of Water Pollution
Water pollution can be classified into two main types: surface water pollution and groundwater pollution. Surface water pollution refers to the pollution of water bodies on the earth's surface, while groundwater pollution refers to the contamination of water found below the earth's surface.
Surface Water Pollution
Surface water pollution includes the pollution of rivers, lakes, and oceans. This can be caused by a variety of sources, including industrial waste, agricultural runoff, and sewage discharge.
Groundwater Pollution
Groundwater pollution occurs when pollutants seep into the ground and contaminate the water stored in aquifers. This can be caused by landfills, septic tanks, and chemical spills.
Effects of Water Pollution
Water pollution can have serious effects on both the environment and human health. It can lead to the death of aquatic life, disrupt ecosystems, and contaminate drinking water sources, leading to health problems in humans.
Prevention and Control
Prevention and control of water pollution involve a variety of strategies, including waste management, water treatment, and legislation. These strategies aim to reduce the amount of pollutants entering water bodies and to treat contaminated water before it is released back into the environment.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Water pollution
- Wikipedia's article - Water pollution
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