Water-electrolyte imbalance

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Water-electrolyte imbalance

Water-electrolyte imbalance (pronunciation: /ˈwɔːtər ɪˈlɛktrəlaɪt ɪmˈbaləns/) is a medical condition that involves an imbalance in the level of electrolytes in the body, which are essential for normal function of the cells and organs.

Etymology

The term "water-electrolyte imbalance" is derived from the words "water", referring to the body's primary fluid, and "electrolyte", which refers to the minerals in the body that carry an electric charge. The word "imbalance" signifies a lack of balance or disproportion.

Causes

Water-electrolyte imbalance can be caused by a variety of factors, including dehydration, kidney disease, and certain medications. It can also result from excessive intake or loss of fluids and electrolytes, which can occur with vomiting, diarrhea, or sweating.

Symptoms

Symptoms of water-electrolyte imbalance can vary depending on the specific electrolyte that is out of balance. Common symptoms can include fatigue, headache, muscle cramps, and irregular heartbeat. In severe cases, it can lead to seizures, heart failure, or even death.

Treatment

Treatment for water-electrolyte imbalance typically involves addressing the underlying cause and restoring the balance of electrolytes in the body. This may involve intravenous fluids, electrolyte supplements, or changes in medication.

Related Terms

  • Hyponatremia: A condition characterized by low sodium levels in the blood, which can be a type of water-electrolyte imbalance.
  • Hyperkalemia: A condition characterized by high potassium levels in the blood, another type of water-electrolyte imbalance.
  • Electrolyte panel: A blood test that measures the levels of electrolytes in the body.

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