Vitallium

Overview

Vitallium subperiosteal maxillary implant

Vitallium subperiosteal implants are a type of dental implant used primarily in cases where there is insufficient bone height or density in the maxilla to support traditional endosteal implants. These implants are custom-fabricated to fit directly onto the bone beneath the periosteum, providing a stable base for dental prosthetics.

Composition and Design

Vitallium is a biocompatible alloy composed primarily of cobalt, chromium, and molybdenum. This material is chosen for its strength, corrosion resistance, and compatibility with human tissues. The design of a subperiosteal implant involves creating a framework that rests on the bony ridge of the maxilla, with posts that protrude through the gingiva to support a dental prosthesis.

Indications

Subperiosteal implants are indicated in patients who have:

• Insufficient bone height or density in the maxilla
• Inability to undergo bone grafting procedures
• Previous failures with endosteal implants

Surgical Procedure

The placement of a Vitallium subperiosteal implant involves several steps:

Initial Assessment

A thorough clinical and radiographic assessment is performed to evaluate the patient's oral health and bone structure. CT scans or cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) may be used to create a detailed map of the maxillary bone.

Surgical Exposure

The maxillary bone is exposed by making an incision in the gingiva. The periosteum is carefully lifted to allow for the placement of the implant framework.

Implant Placement

The custom-fabricated Vitallium framework is placed onto the exposed bone. The posts of the implant protrude through the gingiva, ready to support a dental prosthesis.

Closure and Healing

The gingiva is sutured back into place, and the patient is allowed to heal. Healing times can vary, but typically range from several weeks to a few months.

Advantages and Disadvantages

Advantages

• Suitable for patients with insufficient bone for traditional implants
• Custom-fabricated to fit the patient's anatomy
• Can be placed without the need for bone grafting

Disadvantages

• More invasive than endosteal implants
• Longer healing time
• Potential for complications such as infection or implant failure

Related pages

• Dental implant
• Maxilla
• Periosteum
• Biocompatibility