Tumor mutational burden
Tumor Mutational Burden
Tumor mutational burden (TMB) is a measure of the number of mutations carried by tumor cells. It is a potential biomarker of immunotherapy response in cancer treatment.
Pronunciation
Tumor: /ˈtjuːmər/ Mutational: /ˌmjuːtəˈʃəʊnəl/ Burden: /ˈbɜːrdn/
Etymology
The term "tumor" originates from the Latin word "tumere" which means "to swell". "Mutational" is derived from the Latin word "mutare", meaning "to change". "Burden" comes from the Old English "byrthen", meaning "load".
Definition
TMB is defined as the total number of non-synonymous mutations per megabase of the genome examined. It is usually reported as mutations/Mb.
Clinical Significance
TMB has been associated with the efficacy of immunotherapy in several types of cancer, including non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), melanoma, and urothelial cancer. High TMB may predict a better response to immunotherapy.
Measurement
TMB is typically measured using Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS) on tumor tissue. The number of mutations identified is then normalized to the size of the coding region sequenced to calculate TMB.
Related Terms
- Biomarker
- Immunotherapy
- Next-Generation Sequencing
- Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer
- Melanoma
- Urothelial Cancer
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Tumor mutational burden
- Wikipedia's article - Tumor mutational burden
This WikiMD article is a stub. You can help make it a full article.
Languages: - East Asian
中文,
日本,
한국어,
South Asian
हिन्दी,
Urdu,
বাংলা,
తెలుగు,
தமிழ்,
ಕನ್ನಡ,
Southeast Asian
Indonesian,
Vietnamese,
Thai,
မြန်မာဘာသာ,
European
español,
Deutsch,
français,
русский,
português do Brasil,
Italian,
polski