T-cadherin

T-cadherin is a unique member of the cadherin superfamily of calcium-dependent cell-cell adhesion molecules. It is encoded by the CDH13 gene in humans. Unlike other cadherins, T-cadherin lacks transmembrane and cytoplasmic domains and is attached to the cell surface by a glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchor.

Function

T-cadherin plays a significant role in the cardiovascular system, particularly in the heart. It is involved in the regulation of cell proliferation, cell migration, and cell adhesion. T-cadherin is also implicated in the pathogenesis of several diseases, including cancer, cardiovascular disease, and diabetes.

Structure

T-cadherin is a GPI-anchored protein that lacks the transmembrane and cytoplasmic domains typically found in other cadherins. It consists of five extracellular cadherin repeats (EC1-EC5), a membrane-proximal region, and a GPI anchor that attaches the protein to the cell surface.

Clinical significance

Alterations in T-cadherin expression have been associated with various diseases. For instance, T-cadherin is often downregulated in cancer, and its loss is associated with increased tumor growth and metastasis. Conversely, T-cadherin overexpression has been linked to cardiovascular disease and diabetes.

See also

• Cadherin
• CDH13
• Glycosylphosphatidylinositol

References

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