Surgery for benign prostatic hyperplasia

Surgery for Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia

Illustration of a transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) procedure.

Surgery for benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is a treatment option for men who experience significant symptoms due to an enlarged prostate gland. BPH is a common condition as men age, characterized by the non-cancerous enlargement of the prostate, which can lead to urinary difficulties.

Indications for Surgery

Surgical intervention is typically considered when symptoms of BPH are severe and have not responded to medication or other less invasive treatments. Indications for surgery include:

• Significant urinary retention
• Recurrent urinary tract infections
• Bladder stones
• Renal insufficiency due to BPH
• Persistent hematuria
• Failure of medical therapy

Types of Surgical Procedures

Several surgical options are available for the treatment of BPH, each with its own indications, benefits, and risks.

Transurethral Resection of the Prostate (TURP)

TURP is the most common surgical procedure for BPH. It involves the removal of prostate tissue using a resectoscope inserted through the urethra. This procedure is effective in relieving symptoms and improving urine flow.

Transurethral Incision of the Prostate (TUIP)

TUIP is similar to TURP but involves making small incisions in the prostate to relieve pressure on the urethra. It is typically used for men with smaller prostates.

Laser Surgery

Laser surgery uses high-energy lasers to remove or destroy prostate tissue. Types of laser surgery include:

• Holmium laser enucleation of the prostate (HoLEP)
• Photoselective vaporization of the prostate (PVP)

Laser procedures generally result in less bleeding and a quicker recovery time compared to TURP.

Open Prostatectomy

Open prostatectomy is a more invasive procedure used for very large prostates. It involves making an incision in the lower abdomen to remove prostate tissue. This procedure is less common due to the availability of less invasive options.

Postoperative Care and Recovery

After surgery, patients typically require a short hospital stay. A urinary catheter is often placed to help with urination during the initial recovery period. Patients are advised to avoid heavy lifting and strenuous activity for several weeks.

Complications

While surgical treatment for BPH is generally safe, potential complications can include:

• Bleeding
• Infection
• Retrograde ejaculation
• Erectile dysfunction
• Urinary incontinence

Related Pages

• Benign prostatic hyperplasia
• Prostate gland
• Urology
• Men's health