Superior longitudinal muscle of tongue

The superior longitudinal muscle of the tongue is one of the intrinsic muscles of the tongue. It is a thin layer of oblique and longitudinal fibers situated beneath the mucous membrane on the dorsum of the tongue.

Structure

The superior longitudinal muscle originates from the submucous fibrous layer near the epiglottis and the median fibrous septum of the tongue. It extends forward to the edges of the tongue, where it inserts.

Innervation

The muscle is innervated by the hypoglossal nerve (cranial nerve XII), which is responsible for motor control of the tongue.

Function

The primary function of the superior longitudinal muscle is to retract and broaden the tongue. It also helps in elevating the tip of the tongue, which is essential for articulation and swallowing.

Clinical significance

Dysfunction of the superior longitudinal muscle can affect speech and swallowing. Damage to the hypoglossal nerve can lead to atrophy or paralysis of the muscle, resulting in difficulties with tongue movements.

Also see

• Inferior longitudinal muscle of tongue
• Transverse muscle of tongue
• Vertical muscle of tongue
• Hypoglossal nerve