Subacromial bursa

Subacromial Bursa

Diagram of the shoulder joint showing the subacromial bursa.

The subacromial bursa is a fluid-filled sac located in the shoulder region, specifically beneath the acromion and above the rotator cuff tendons. It plays a crucial role in reducing friction between the acromion and the rotator cuff, facilitating smooth movement of the shoulder joint.

Anatomy

The subacromial bursa is part of the bursae system in the shoulder, which includes several other bursae such as the subdeltoid bursa. It is situated in the subacromial space, which is the area between the acromion and the head of the humerus. The bursa is lined with a synovial membrane that secretes synovial fluid, providing lubrication to minimize friction during shoulder movements.

Function

The primary function of the subacromial bursa is to reduce friction between the acromion and the rotator cuff tendons, particularly the supraspinatus tendon. This allows for smooth gliding of the tendons during arm elevation and rotation. The bursa also helps protect the tendons from mechanical stress and potential damage.

Clinical Significance

Subacromial Bursitis

Subacromial bursitis is a common condition characterized by inflammation of the subacromial bursa. It can result from repetitive overhead activities, trauma, or degenerative changes in the shoulder. Symptoms include shoulder pain, particularly during arm elevation, and reduced range of motion. Diagnosis is typically made through clinical examination and imaging studies such as ultrasound or MRI.

Impingement Syndrome

The subacromial bursa is often involved in shoulder impingement syndrome, where the space between the acromion and the rotator cuff tendons is reduced, leading to compression of the bursa and tendons. This condition can cause pain and inflammation, and is often treated with physical therapy, anti-inflammatory medications, and in some cases, surgical intervention.

Related Pages

• Shoulder joint
• Rotator cuff
• Bursa
• Subacromial bursitis
• Shoulder impingement syndrome

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