Streptobacillus moniliformis
Streptobacillus moniliformis
Streptobacillus moniliformis (pronunciation: strep-toe-buh-sill-us moh-nih-lih-for-miss) is a Gram-negative, pleomorphic, rod-shaped bacterium that is the causative agent of Rat-bite fever (RBF) and Haverhill fever.
Etymology
The term Streptobacillus moniliformis is derived from the Greek words streptos meaning twisted, baktron meaning rod, monile meaning necklace, and forma meaning shape. This refers to the bacterium's twisted rod shape and its tendency to form chains that resemble a necklace.
Characteristics
Streptobacillus moniliformis is a facultative anaerobic bacterium, meaning it can grow with or without oxygen. It is also fastidious, requiring specific nutrients to grow. The bacterium is typically found in the respiratory tract of rats and can be transmitted to humans through a rat bite or scratch, or by ingestion of contaminated food or water.
Diseases
Streptobacillus moniliformis is known to cause two types of diseases in humans: Rat-bite fever and Haverhill fever. Rat-bite fever is characterized by fever, chills, muscle pain, and joint pain, while Haverhill fever also includes severe throat pain and a rash.
Treatment
Treatment for infections caused by Streptobacillus moniliformis typically involves antibiotics such as penicillin, tetracycline, or erythromycin. Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial to prevent complications.
See also
- Rat-bite fever
- Haverhill fever
- Gram-negative bacteria
- Pleomorphic bacteria
- Rod-shaped bacteria
- Facultative anaerobic bacteria
- Fastidious organism
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Streptobacillus moniliformis
- Wikipedia's article - Streptobacillus moniliformis
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