Southern
Southern Blotting
Southern Blotting (pronunciation: /ˈsʌðərn ˈblɒtɪŋ/) is a laboratory technique used in molecular biology for detection of a specific DNA sequence in DNA samples. The method was named after its inventor, British biologist Edwin Southern.
Etymology
The term "Southern Blotting" is derived from the name of its inventor, Edwin Southern. The technique was developed in the 1970s and has since been adapted for RNA (Northern blotting) and protein (Western blotting) detection.
Procedure
Southern Blotting involves the transfer of electrophoresis-separated DNA fragments to a filter membrane and subsequent fragment detection by probe hybridization. The DNA of interest needs to be fragmented with a restriction enzyme, and then separated by size through gel electrophoresis. The fragments are then transferred out of the gel onto a blotting membrane, and hybridized with a labeled probe that binds to the DNA sequence of interest.
Applications
Southern Blotting is used in genetics, molecular biology and clinical diagnostics. It can be used to identify and locate specific DNA sequences within a complex mixture, and to determine the molecular weight of a particular restriction fragment. It is also used in gene discovery, mapping, and cloning.
Related Terms
- Northern Blotting: A similar technique used to detect specific RNA sequences.
- Western Blotting: A technique used to detect specific proteins in a sample.
- Restriction Enzyme: A protein that cuts DNA at a specific sequence.
- Electrophoresis: A technique used to separate DNA, RNA, or protein molecules based on their size and electrical charge.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Southern
- Wikipedia's article - Southern
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