Somatostatin receptor 5

Somatostatin receptor 5 (SSTR5) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SSTR5 gene. It is one of the five G protein-coupled receptors for somatostatin, a hormone that regulates the endocrine system and affects neurotransmission and cell proliferation via interaction with G protein-coupled somatostatin receptors.

Structure

The SSTR5 gene is located on the long arm of chromosome 16 (16p13.3). The protein encoded by this gene is a multi-pass membrane protein that belongs to the somatostatin receptor family. This protein is expressed in highest levels in the pituitary gland, pancreas, stomach, and adrenal gland.

Function

SSTR5 is involved in the inhibition of the release of hormones such as insulin, glucagon, and growth hormone. It also plays a role in cell proliferation, apoptosis, and neuronal activities. The receptor is known to couple to the G protein Gi/Go and inhibit adenylate cyclase. It also regulates the production of cAMP and activates mitogen-activated protein kinase.

Clinical significance

Mutations in the SSTR5 gene have been associated with various diseases, including acromegaly, a disorder characterized by excessive growth due to the overproduction of growth hormone. In addition, SSTR5 is a potential therapeutic target for neuroendocrine tumors and diabetes mellitus.

See also

• Somatostatin receptor
• G protein-coupled receptor
• Somatostatin

External links

• SSTR5 at HGNC
• SSTR5 at UniProt