Shark
Shark
Shark (/ʃɑːrk/), from the Germanic word scharl, is a term used to describe a group of elasmobranch fish characterized by a cartilaginous skeleton, five to seven gill slits on the sides of the head, and pectoral fins that are not fused to the head.
Etymology
The word "shark" originally came from the Germanic word scharl, which means "sharp" or "pointed". This is likely in reference to the sharp teeth and pointed fins of these marine creatures.
Classification
Sharks are a group of elasmobranch fish, which also includes rays and skates. They are further classified into eight orders: Carcharhiniformes, Heterodontiformes, Hexanchiformes, Lamniformes, Orectolobiformes, Pristiophoriformes, Squaliformes, and Squatiniformes.
Anatomy
Sharks have a unique anatomy compared to other fish. They have a cartilaginous skeleton, which is lighter and more flexible than bone. They also have five to seven gill slits on the sides of their heads, unlike most fish, which have just one. Their pectoral fins are not fused to the head, allowing for greater maneuverability in the water.
Behavior
Sharks exhibit a wide range of behaviors, from solitary hunting to complex social behaviors. Some species, like the Great White Shark, are known for their aggressive behavior, while others, like the Whale Shark, are gentle giants that feed on plankton.
Related Terms
- Elasmobranch: A subclass of cartilaginous fish, which includes sharks, rays, and skates.
- Cartilaginous Skeleton: A type of skeleton found in sharks and other elasmobranchs, made of cartilage rather than bone.
- Gill Slits: The openings on the sides of a shark's head, through which it breathes.
- Pectoral Fins: The fins on the sides of a shark's body, used for steering and balance.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Shark
- Wikipedia's article - Shark
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