Self-awareness
Self-awareness is the capacity for introspection and the ability to recognize oneself as an individual separate from the environment and other individuals. It is not to be confused with consciousness in the sense of qualia. While consciousness is a term given to our subjective experience of the world and mind, self-awareness is the recognition of that consciousness.
Definition
Self-awareness is a psychological state in which oneself becomes the focus of attention. Self-awareness is one of the first components of the self-concept to emerge. While consciousness is being aware of one's environment and body and lifestyle, self-awareness is the recognition of that awareness. Self-awareness is how an individual consciously knows and understands their own character, feelings, motives, and desires.
Development
There are two broad categories of self-awareness: internal self-awareness and external self-awareness.
Internal Self-Awareness
This type refers to a person's ability to recognize and assess their own internal states, such as thoughts, emotions, and beliefs. This type of self-awareness often requires introspection.
External Self-Awareness
This type refers to the ability to understand how others perceive us. People with a high degree of external self-awareness are often very aware of how they appear to others.
Neurobiology
Neurobiologically, self-awareness is thought to be closely linked to the prefrontal cortex, a part of the brain involved in planning, decision making, and moderating social behavior.
In Animals
Self-awareness in animals is tested through mirror self recognition. Animals such as great apes, dolphins, and elephants have been known to show signs of self-awareness.
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