Scaffold/matrix attachment region
Scaffold/matrix attachment region (SMAR)
Scaffold/matrix attachment region (pronounced: /ˈskæfəʊld/ /ˈmeɪtrɪks/ /əˈtæʧmənt/ /ˈriːdʒən/), also known as S/MAR or MAR, is a crucial component in the DNA structure of eukaryotic cells.
Etymology
The term "scaffold/matrix attachment region" is derived from its function. "Scaffold" refers to the structural framework for the DNA, "matrix" refers to the substance within the cell where the DNA is located, "attachment" refers to the connection between the DNA and the scaffold or matrix, and "region" refers to the specific area on the DNA where this attachment occurs.
Function
S/MARs are sequences in the DNA that attach to the nuclear matrix or scaffold. These regions play a significant role in the organization and function of the chromosome, including replication, transcription, and DNA repair.
Related Terms
- Nuclear Matrix: The framework within the nucleus of a cell where the DNA and other nuclear components are located.
- Chromosome: A structure within the cell that contains the genetic material (DNA).
- DNA Replication: The process by which a DNA molecule makes a copy of itself.
- Transcription (genetics): The process by which the information in a strand of DNA is copied into a new molecule of messenger RNA (mRNA).
- DNA Repair: The collection of processes by which a cell identifies and corrects damage to the DNA molecules that encode its genome.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Scaffold/matrix attachment region
- Wikipedia's article - Scaffold/matrix attachment region
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