SSG

SSG or Sodium Stibogluconate is a medication primarily used to treat Leishmaniasis, a disease caused by parasites of the Leishmania type. It is administered by injection into a vein or muscle.

History

SSG was first synthesized in the 1930s and has been on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines, the safest and most effective medicines needed in a health system.

Medical Uses

SSG is used to treat Visceral leishmaniasis, also known as kala-azar, and Cutaneous leishmaniasis, which affects the skin. It is not effective against other types of leishmaniasis, such as Mucocutaneous leishmaniasis.

Side Effects

Common side effects of SSG include pain at the injection site, nausea, and abnormal heart rhythms. Serious side effects may include an increase in liver enzymes and pancreatitis.

Mechanism of Action

The exact mechanism of action of SSG is not fully understood. However, it is believed to work by inhibiting the enzyme glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH), which is essential for the survival and replication of the Leishmania parasite.

Resistance

Resistance to SSG has been reported in some regions, particularly in the Indian subcontinent. This has led to the development of alternative treatments, such as Liposomal amphotericin B and Miltefosine.

See Also

• List of World Health Organization Essential Medicines
• Leishmaniasis
• Visceral leishmaniasis
• Cutaneous leishmaniasis
• Mucocutaneous leishmaniasis

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