Rib

The rib is a long, flat bone that forms part of the thoracic cage, which protects the thoracic cavity and its organs such as the heart and lungs. In humans, there are typically 12 pairs of ribs. The first seven pairs are known as "true ribs," while the remaining five pairs are known as "false ribs."

Anatomy

Each rib consists of a head, neck, and body. The head of the rib articulates with the vertebral column. The neck is a flattened part that connects the head with the body. The body, also known as the shaft, is the longest part of the rib.

True Ribs

The first seven pairs of ribs are known as true ribs. They are directly attached to the sternum through their costal cartilage.

False Ribs

The remaining five pairs of ribs are known as false ribs. The 8th, 9th, and 10th pairs have their costal cartilages connected to the cartilage of the rib above. The last two pairs, known as floating ribs, have no anterior connection with the sternum.

Function

The primary function of the ribs is to protect the organs in the thoracic cavity. They also assist in the process of respiration by expanding and contracting the chest cavity.

Clinical Significance

Injuries to the ribs, such as fractures, can cause pain and difficulty in breathing. Conditions such as costochondritis and Tietze syndrome can also affect the ribs.

See Also

• Thoracic cage
• Sternum
• Vertebral column
• Respiration

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