Retrosplenial cortex

Retrosplenial Cortex

The Retrosplenial Cortex (pronunciation: retro-spleen-ial cortex) is a significant part of the brain that plays a crucial role in various cognitive functions.

Etymology

The term "Retrosplenial" is derived from the Latin words "retro," meaning behind, and "splenium," referring to the posterior part of the corpus callosum, a structure it lies behind.

Function

The Retrosplenial Cortex is involved in several cognitive processes, including spatial navigation, memory, and consciousness. It is also implicated in the processing of contextual information and the formation of episodic memory.

Anatomy

The Retrosplenial Cortex is located in the posterior cingulate region of the brain, specifically in Brodmann areas 29 and 30. It is divided into two main regions: the granular Retrosplenial Cortex (areas 29a-c) and the dysgranular Retrosplenial Cortex (area 30).

Clinical Significance

Damage to the Retrosplenial Cortex can lead to various cognitive impairments, including amnesia, topographical disorientation, and dementia. It has also been associated with several neurological and psychiatric disorders, such as Alzheimer's disease, schizophrenia, and post-traumatic stress disorder.

Related Terms

External links

Medical encyclopedia article on Retrosplenial cortex
Wikipedia's article - Retrosplenial cortex

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Retrosplenial cortex