Restenosis
Restenosis (pronounced: res-teh-NO-sis) is a medical term that refers to the recurrence of stenosis, a narrowing of a blood vessel, leading to restricted blood flow. Restenosis usually pertains to an artery or other large blood vessel that has become narrowed, hardened, or otherwise obstructed, and it is often a complication following angioplasty or stent placement.
Etymology
The term "Restenosis" is derived from the Latin word 're-' meaning 'again' and the Greek word 'stenosis' meaning 'narrowing'.
Definition
Restenosis is the re-narrowing of a blood vessel after it has been treated with a procedure such as balloon angioplasty or stent placement to remove a blockage. This can occur due to the growth of tissue within the stent or the vessel's natural elastic recoil.
Causes
Restenosis is typically caused by a process called neointimal hyperplasia, in which injury to the blood vessel wall during angioplasty or stent placement triggers the smooth muscle cells to proliferate and migrate, leading to a new blockage. Other factors that can contribute to restenosis include the patient's age, the size of the blood vessel, the presence of diabetes, and the extent of atherosclerosis.
Treatment
Treatment for restenosis may involve repeat angioplasty or stent placement, drug-eluting stent placement, brachytherapy, or bypass surgery. Medications such as clopidogrel, aspirin, and statins may also be used to help prevent restenosis.
Related Terms
- Angioplasty
- Stent
- Neointimal hyperplasia
- Atherosclerosis
- Bypass surgery
- Drug-eluting stent
- Brachytherapy
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Restenosis
- Wikipedia's article - Restenosis
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