Pyriform sinus

The Pyriform Sinus is a part of the pharynx, specifically the hypopharynx, which is located in the human body. It is an important anatomical structure involved in the process of swallowing and is closely related to the larynx and esophagus.

Anatomy

The pyriform sinus is a pear-shaped recess located on either side of the laryngeal orifice. It is bounded medially by the aryepiglottic fold, laterally by the thyroid cartilage and its base, and inferiorly by the cricoid cartilage. The sinus extends from the level of the hyoid bone to the cricopharyngeus muscle.

Function

The primary function of the pyriform sinus is to act as a pathway for food and liquid during the process of swallowing. It helps direct these substances into the esophagus, bypassing the larynx to prevent aspiration.

Clinical Significance

The pyriform sinus can be the site of various pathologies, including cancer. Pyriform sinus cancer is a type of hypopharyngeal cancer that can present with symptoms such as hoarseness, difficulty swallowing, and a lump in the neck. It is often diagnosed using endoscopy and biopsy.

Pyriform sinus fistula is a rare congenital condition that results from the persistence of the third or fourth branchial pouch. It can present with recurrent neck infections or abscesses.

See Also

• Pharynx
• Hypopharynx
• Swallowing
• Larynx
• Esophagus

References

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  Illustration of the larynx
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  Gray's Anatomy illustration of the larynx