Prevertebral plexus

Prevertebral Plexus

Diagram of the prevertebral plexus

The prevertebral plexus is a complex network of nerve fibers located in the thoracic and abdominal regions of the body. It is primarily associated with the autonomic nervous system, specifically the sympathetic nervous system. This plexus plays a crucial role in the innervation of the viscera and is involved in the regulation of various involuntary bodily functions.

Anatomy

The prevertebral plexus is situated anterior to the vertebral column and is closely associated with the major blood vessels of the abdomen, such as the aorta and its branches. It is composed of several interconnected ganglia and nerve fibers that form a network around these vessels.

Components

The prevertebral plexus includes several key components:

• Celiac plexus: Located near the celiac trunk, this plexus innervates the stomach, liver, pancreas, and other upper abdominal organs.
• Superior mesenteric plexus: Associated with the superior mesenteric artery, it supplies the small intestine and parts of the large intestine.
• Inferior mesenteric plexus: Found near the inferior mesenteric artery, it innervates the distal colon and rectum.
• Hypogastric plexus: Located in the pelvic region, it is involved in the innervation of the pelvic organs.

Function

The prevertebral plexus is primarily involved in the autonomic regulation of the gastrointestinal tract, renal system, and reproductive organs. It transmits sympathetic and parasympathetic signals that control functions such as peristalsis, secretion of digestive enzymes, and blood flow regulation.

Clinical Significance

Disorders of the prevertebral plexus can lead to various clinical conditions, including abdominal pain, digestive disorders, and autonomic dysfunction. Understanding the anatomy and function of this plexus is essential for diagnosing and treating such conditions.

Related Pages

• Autonomic nervous system
• Sympathetic nervous system
• Parasympathetic nervous system
• Celiac plexus
• Hypogastric plexus