Parasympathetic
Parasympathetic Nervous System
The Parasympathetic Nervous System (pronunciation: para-sim-pa-thet-ic nerv-us sis-tem) is a part of the Autonomic Nervous System that controls and regulates the body's rest-and-digest response.
Etymology
The term "Parasympathetic" is derived from the Greek words "para" meaning "beside", and "sympatheia" meaning "sympathy", referring to its function alongside the Sympathetic Nervous System.
Function
The Parasympathetic Nervous System is responsible for conserving energy and replenishing the body's resources during periods of rest and relaxation. It slows the heart rate, increases intestinal and gland activity, and relaxes sphincter muscles in the gastrointestinal tract.
Related Terms
- Autonomic Nervous System: The part of the nervous system responsible for control of the bodily functions not consciously directed, such as breathing, the heartbeat, and digestive processes.
- Sympathetic Nervous System: The part of the autonomic nervous system that serves to speed up the heart rate, contract blood vessels, and raise blood pressure.
- Vagus Nerve: The tenth cranial nerve or CN X, and interfaces with the parasympathetic control of the heart, lungs, and digestive tract.
- Acetylcholine: A neurotransmitter in the peripheral and central nervous system, it is the primary neurotransmitter in the parasympathetic nervous system.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Parasympathetic
- Wikipedia's article - Parasympathetic
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