Polyploid
Polyploid
Polyploid (pronunciation: /ˈpɒlɪˌplɔɪd/) is a term in genetics that refers to cells or organisms containing more than two paired (homologous) sets of chromosomes. Most species are diploid, meaning they have two sets of chromosomes—one set inherited from each parent. However, polyploidy, the condition of possessing more than two complete sets of chromosomes, is found in some organisms.
Etymology
The term "polyploid" comes from the Greek words "poly" meaning "many" and "ploides" meaning "form". It was first used in the early 20th century to describe organisms with multiple sets of chromosomes.
Types of Polyploidy
There are two main types of polyploidy: autopolyploidy and allopolyploidy. Autopolyploidy is the result of the duplication of chromosomes from a single species, while allopolyploidy is the result of the combination of chromosomes from different species.
Related Terms
- Diploid: An organism or cell having two sets of chromosomes or twice the haploid number.
- Haploid: An organism or cell having only one complete set of chromosomes.
- Chromosome: A thread-like structure of nucleic acids and protein found in the nucleus of most living cells, carrying genetic information in the form of genes.
- Genetics: The study of heredity and the variation of inherited characteristics.
See Also
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Polyploid
- Wikipedia's article - Polyploid
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