Polychlorinated dibenzodioxins

Polychlorinated dibenzodioxins (pronunciation: pol-ee-klor-in-ated di-ben-zo-diox-ins) are a group of polyhalogenated organic compounds that are significant environmental pollutants.

Etymology

The term "Polychlorinated dibenzodioxins" is derived from the chemical structure of these compounds. They consist of two benzene rings connected by two oxygen atoms, with varying numbers of chlorine atoms attached.

Overview

Polychlorinated dibenzodioxins (PCDDs), or simply dioxins, are highly toxic and can cause reproductive and developmental problems, damage the immune system, interfere with hormones and also cause cancer. They are by-products of various industrial processes, and are commonly found in the environment around the world.

Types

There are 75 different PCDDs, which are differentiated by the number and position of chlorine atoms. The most toxic PCDD is 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzodioxin (TCDD).

Exposure

Humans are exposed to dioxins primarily through the food chain. The highest levels of these compounds are found in some soils, sediments and food, especially dairy products, meat, fish and shellfish.

Health Effects

Long-term exposure is linked to impairment of the immune system, the developing nervous system, the endocrine system and reproductive functions. Short-term exposure of humans to high levels of dioxins may result in skin lesions and altered liver function.

Related Terms

• Dioxin Receptor
• Chloracne
• Agent Orange
• Persistent organic pollutant
• Bioaccumulation

External links

• Medical encyclopedia article on Polychlorinated dibenzodioxins
• Wikipedia's article - Polychlorinated dibenzodioxins

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