Phenyl group
Phenyl Group
The Phenyl Group (pronounced: /ˈfɛnɪl/), is a functional group in organic chemistry, consisting of a benzene ring minus one hydrogen, which allows it to bond to other atoms or groups of atoms.
Etymology
The term "phenyl" originated from the Greek word "phainein" which means "to shine", as the first phenyl compounds named were byproducts of making and refining various forms of phosphorus (phosphorus, in Greek, means "light-bringer").
Structure
The phenyl group is a six-membered cyclic ring structure, which consists of six carbon atoms with alternating single and double bonds. The phenyl group is usually attached to a molecule by replacing one hydrogen atom from another molecule.
Properties
Phenyl groups have a distinct aromaticity due to the stability provided by the delocalized electrons in the benzene ring. This aromaticity contributes to the phenyl group's resistance to various reactions, including oxidation and reduction.
Related Terms
- Benzene: A hydrocarbon from which the phenyl group is derived.
- Functional Group: A group of atoms responsible for the characteristic reactions of a particular compound.
- Aromaticity: A property of cyclic (ring-shaped), planar (flat) structures with a ring of resonance bonds that gives increased stability compared to other geometric or connective arrangements with the same set of atoms.
- Delocalized Electrons: Electrons in a molecule, ion or solid metal that are not associated with a single atom or a covalent bond.
See Also
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Phenyl group
- Wikipedia's article - Phenyl group
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