Surface epithelial-stromal tumor

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Surface epithelial-stromal tumor
Synonyms	Ovarian epithelial-stromal tumor
Pronounce	N/A
Specialty	N/A
Symptoms	Abdominal pain, bloating, pelvic mass
Complications	Malignant transformation, metastasis
Onset	Middle age
Duration	Variable
Types	Serous tumor, Mucinous tumor, Endometrioid tumor, Clear cell tumor, Brenner tumor
Causes	Genetic mutations, hormonal factors
Risks	Family history, BRCA1/BRCA2 mutations, endometriosis
Diagnosis	Pelvic examination, ultrasound, CT scan, MRI, biopsy
Differential diagnosis	Functional ovarian cyst, gastrointestinal tumor, uterine fibroid
Prevention	Genetic counseling, prophylactic oophorectomy
Treatment	Surgery, chemotherapy, radiation therapy
Medication	Platinum-based drugs, taxanes
Prognosis	Depends on stage and type
Frequency	Most common type of ovarian cancer
Deaths	N/A

Ovarian tumors by incidence and cancer risk

Incidence of ovarian cancers by histopathology

Histopathology of lining of a benign serous tumor of the ovary

Histopathology of lining of a benign mucinous tumor of the ovary

Ovarian clear cell carcinoma - very high magnification

Brenner tumour

Surface epithelial-stromal tumor is a type of ovarian tumor that originates from the ovarian surface epithelium and underlying stromal tissue. These tumors represent a diverse group of neoplasms, comprising approximately 60% of all ovarian tumors. They can be benign, borderline, or malignant, and they can be further classified into several subtypes based on their histological features.

Classification

Surface epithelial-stromal tumors are classified into several subtypes, including:

• Serous tumors: These are the most common type of surface epithelial-stromal tumors. They can be benign, borderline, or malignant. Malignant serous tumors are the most common type of ovarian cancer.
• Mucinous tumors: These tumors are filled with a mucus-like substance. They can also be benign, borderline, or malignant.
• Endometrioid tumors: These tumors resemble the normal lining of the uterus (endometrium). They can be associated with endometriosis.
• Clear cell tumors: These tumors are often associated with endometriosis or endometrioid tumors. They have a higher likelihood of being malignant.
• Brenner tumors: These are rare tumors that are usually benign.

Symptoms

The symptoms of surface epithelial-stromal tumors are often nonspecific and can be similar to those of other conditions. They may include abdominal pain or bloating, changes in bowel or bladder habits, and irregular menstrual periods.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of surface epithelial-stromal tumors typically involves a combination of physical examination, imaging studies such as ultrasound or CT scan, and laboratory tests including CA-125 level. In some cases, surgical exploration may be necessary to confirm the diagnosis and determine the extent of the disease.

Treatment

Treatment of surface epithelial-stromal tumors depends on the type and stage of the tumor, as well as the patient's overall health. Options may include surgery, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, or a combination of these.

Prognosis

The prognosis for surface epithelial-stromal tumors varies widely depending on factors such as the type and stage of the tumor, the patient's age and overall health, and the effectiveness of treatment.