Ovaliviridae

A family of viruses

Overview

Ovaliviridae is a family of viruses that primarily infects invertebrates. This family is characterized by its unique oval-shaped virions, which distinguish it from other viral families. The Ovaliviridae family is part of the larger order of Nidovirales, which includes several other families of viruses.

Structure

The virions of Ovaliviridae are enveloped and have an oval shape, typically measuring between 80 to 120 nanometers in diameter. The viral envelope is derived from the host cell membrane and contains viral glycoproteins that are essential for host cell recognition and entry.

Genome

Ovaliviridae viruses possess a double-stranded DNA genome. The genome is linear and ranges from 20 to 30 kilobases in length. It encodes several open reading frames (ORFs) that are responsible for the production of structural and non-structural proteins.

Replication

The replication cycle of Ovaliviridae begins with the attachment of the virus to the host cell surface via its glycoproteins. Following attachment, the virus enters the host cell through endocytosis. Once inside, the viral DNA is transported to the nucleus where it is transcribed and replicated using the host's DNA polymerase.

Pathogenesis

Ovaliviridae primarily infects invertebrate hosts, including various species of arthropods. The infection can lead to a range of outcomes, from asymptomatic to lethal, depending on the host species and the specific virus strain.

Transmission

Transmission of Ovaliviridae viruses occurs through direct contact between infected and uninfected hosts. In some cases, vectors such as insects may play a role in spreading the virus between hosts.

Research

Research on Ovaliviridae is ongoing, with studies focusing on understanding the molecular mechanisms of viral replication and pathogenesis. There is also interest in exploring the potential use of Ovaliviridae viruses in biotechnology and gene therapy.

Related pages

• Virus
• Nidovirales
• Invertebrate virology