Orthobunyavirus

Orthobunyavirus (pronounced: or-tho-bun-ya-vi-rus) is a genus of viruses in the family Bunyaviridae. The name "Orthobunyavirus" is derived from the Greek word "orthos" meaning "straight" and "bunya", a reference to the Bunyamwera place in Uganda where the first virus of this type was isolated.

Classification

Orthobunyaviruses are classified into the order Bunyavirales, family Peribunyaviridae, and genus Orthobunyavirus. There are over 170 viruses in this genus, which are further divided into 18 serogroups.

Structure and Genome

Orthobunyaviruses are enveloped, spherical viruses with a diameter of approximately 100 nanometers. They possess a tri-segmented, single-stranded RNA genome. The three segments are designated as Large (L), Medium (M), and Small (S), each encoding different viral proteins.

Transmission and Disease

Orthobunyaviruses are primarily transmitted to humans through the bite of an infected mosquito or other blood-feeding insects. They can cause a range of diseases in humans, from mild febrile illness to severe neurological diseases such as encephalitis.

Prevention and Control

Prevention of Orthobunyavirus infections primarily involves control of mosquito populations and avoidance of mosquito bites. There are currently no specific antiviral treatments for Orthobunyavirus infections, and management of the disease is primarily supportive.

References

External links

Medical encyclopedia article on Orthobunyavirus
Wikipedia's article - Orthobunyavirus

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Orthobunyavirus