Old Rotation

Old Rotation

The Old Rotation field in Auburn, Alabama

The Old Rotation is a historic agricultural experiment located at Auburn University in Auburn, Alabama. Established in 1896, it is one of the oldest continuous cotton rotation experiments in the world. The experiment was designed to study the effects of crop rotation and soil fertility on cotton production, a staple crop in the southern United States.

History

The Old Rotation was initiated by Professor J.F. Duggar, who sought to demonstrate the benefits of crop rotation and the use of legumes to improve soil fertility. At the time, continuous cotton cropping was common, leading to soil depletion and reduced yields. Duggar's experiment introduced a rotation system that included cotton, corn, and winter legumes such as vetch and clover.

Experimental Design

Diagram of the Old Rotation plots

The experiment consists of 13 plots, each measuring 0.1 acres. The plots are arranged to test different crop rotation sequences and soil management practices. The original design included:

• Continuous cotton
• Cotton-corn rotation
• Cotton-corn with winter legumes
• Cotton-corn with summer legumes

The inclusion of legumes was particularly innovative, as these plants fix atmospheric nitrogen, enriching the soil and reducing the need for synthetic fertilizers.

Impact on Agriculture

Close-up of cotton plants in the Old Rotation

The findings from the Old Rotation have had a significant impact on agricultural practices in the southern United States. The experiment demonstrated that crop rotation and the use of legumes could significantly increase cotton yields and improve soil health. These practices have been widely adopted, contributing to more sustainable agricultural systems.

Modern Relevance

Today, the Old Rotation continues to provide valuable data on long-term soil health and crop productivity. It serves as a living laboratory for students and researchers at Auburn University, offering insights into sustainable agriculture and the long-term effects of different farming practices.

Preservation and Recognition

Historical marker at the Old Rotation site

In recognition of its historical and scientific significance, the Old Rotation was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1988. It is one of the few agricultural experiments in the United States to receive this designation, highlighting its importance in the history of American agriculture.

Related Pages

• Crop rotation
• Soil fertility
• Sustainable agriculture
• Auburn University

Aerial view of the Old Rotation plots

See Also

• J.F. Duggar
• Legume
• Cotton production in the United States